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A major challenge for Multi-Agent Systems is enabling agents to adapt dynamically to diverse environments in which opponents and teammates may continually change. Agents trained using conventional methods tend to excel only within the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Qian Long , Ruoyan Li , Minglu Zhao , Tao Gao , Demetri Terzopoulos

The ability to model the mental states of others is crucial to human social intelligence, and can offer similar benefits to artificial agents with respect to the social dynamics induced in multi-agent settings. We present a method of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-20 Ini Oguntola , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara

Good teachers always tailor their explanations to the learners. Cognitive scientists model this process under the rationality principle: teachers try to maximise the learner's utility while minimising teaching costs. To this end, human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-02 Clémence Grislain , Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Olivier Sigaud , Mohamed Chetouani

Theory-of-Mind (ToM) is a fundamental psychological capability that allows humans to understand and interpret the mental states of others. Humans infer others' thoughts by integrating causal cues and indirect clues from broad contextual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Chulun Zhou , Qiujing Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoqian Yue , Rui Lu , Jiangnan Li , Yifan Zhou , Shunchi Zhang , Jie Zhou , Wai Lam

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to reason about others' mental states, and higher-order ToM involves considering that others also possess their own ToM. Equipping large language model (LLM)-driven agents with ToM has long been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Chunjiang Mu , Ya Zeng , Qiaosheng Zhang , Kun Shao , Chen Chu , Hao Guo , Danyang Jia , Zhen Wang , Shuyue Hu

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to infer others' mental states, such as beliefs, desires, and intentions. Current vision-language embodied agents lack ToM-based decision-making, and existing benchmarks focus solely on human…

Job interview simulation with a virtual agents aims at improving people's social skills and supporting professional inclusion. In such simulators, the virtual agent must be capable of representing and reasoning about the user's mental state…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2014-02-21 Marwen Belkaid , Nicolas Sabouret

Studies have shown that autonomous vehicles (AVs) behave conservatively in a traffic environment composed of human drivers and do not adapt to local conditions and socio-cultural norms. It is known that socially aware AVs can be designed if…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-11-12 Rohan Chandra , Aniket Bera , Dinesh Manocha

Despite the recent advancement in the social robotic field, important limitations restrain its progress and delay the application of robots in everyday scenarios. In the present paper, we propose to develop computational models inspired by…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2019-09-04 Francesca Bianco , Dimitri Ognibene

When reading a story, humans can quickly understand new fictional characters with a few observations, mainly by drawing analogies to fictional and real people they already know. This reflects the few-shot and meta-learning essence of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Mo Yu , Qiujing Wang , Shunchi Zhang , Yisi Sang , Kangsheng Pu , Zekai Wei , Han Wang , Liyan Xu , Jing Li , Yue Yu , Jie Zhou

Recent work on dialogue-based collaborative plan acquisition (CPA) has suggested that Theory of Mind (ToM) modelling can improve missing knowledge prediction in settings with asymmetric skill-sets and knowledge. Although ToM was claimed to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Matteo Bortoletto , Constantin Ruhdorfer , Adnen Abdessaied , Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to an agent's ability to model the internal states of others. Contributing to the debate whether large language models (LLMs) exhibit genuine ToM capabilities, our study investigates their ToM robustness using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Christian Nickel , Laura Schrewe , Florian Mai , Lucie Flek

Theory-of-Mind (ToM) is a core human cognitive capacity for attributing mental states to self and others. Wimmer and Perner demonstrated that humans progress from first- to higher-order ToM within a short span, completing this development…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yiming Wang , Rui Wang

Reaching a consensus on the team plans is vital to human-AI coordination. Although previous studies provide approaches through communications in various ways, it could still be hard to coordinate when the AI has no explainable plan to…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Chenxu Wang , Zilong Chen , Angelo Cangelosi , Huaping Liu

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others and predict their behaviour, is fundamental to social intelligence. In this paper, we survey studies evaluating behavioural and representational ToM in Large Language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Hieu Minh "Jord" Nguyen

We introduce a novel Theory of Mind (ToM) framework inspired by dual-process theories from cognitive science, integrating a fast, habitual graph-based reasoning system (System 1), implemented via graph convolutional networks (GCNs), and a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Shalima Binta Manir , Tim Oates

Theory of Mind, the capacity to explain and predict behavior by inferring hidden mental states, has become the dominant paradigm for social interaction in robotics. Yet ToM rests on three assumptions that poorly capture how most social…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Malte F. Jung

Recent evidence suggests Large Language Models (LLMs) display Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities. Most ToM experiments place participants in a spectatorial role, wherein they predict and interpret other agents' behavior. However, human ToM also…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Jared Moore , Ned Cooper , Rasmus Overmark , Beba Cibralic , Nick Haber , Cameron R. Jones

Existing approaches to Theory of Mind (ToM) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) overemphasize prompted, or cue-based, ToM, which may limit our collective ability to develop Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI). Drawing from research in computer…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Nikolos Gurney , David V. Pynadath , Volkan Ustun

The search for effective collaboration between humans and computer systems is one of the biggest challenges in Artificial Intelligence. One of the more effective mechanisms that humans use to coordinate with one another is theory of mind…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Ramira van der Meulen , Rineke Verbrugge , Max van Duijn