相关论文: Bias in multivariable Mendelian randomization stud…

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a popular instrumental variable (IV) approach, in which one or several genetic markers serve as IVs that can sometimes be leveraged to recover valid inferences about a given exposure-outcome causal…

The Cox regression model is a popular model for analyzing the relationship between a covariate and a survival endpoint. The standard Cox model assumes a constant covariate effect across the entire covariate domain. However, in many…

Spatial microeconometric studies typically suffer from various forms of inaccuracies that are not present when dealing with the classical regional spatial econometrics models. Among those, missing data, locational errors, sampling without a…

Missing observations are common in cluster randomised trials. Approaches taken to handling such missing data include: complete case analysis, single-level multiple imputation that ignores the clustering, multiple imputation with a fixed…

In recent years, wearable devices have become more common to capture a wide range of health behaviors, especially for physical activity and sedentary behavior. These sensor-based measures are deemed to be objective and thus less prone to…

The population-wise error rate (PWER) is a type I error rate for clinical trials with multiple target populations. In such trials, a treatment is tested for its efficacy in each population. The PWER is defined as the probability that a…

In randomised trials, continuous endpoints are often measured with some degree of error. This study explores the impact of ignoring measurement error, and proposes methods to improve statistical inference in the presence of measurement…

Oscillometry is the standard method for non-invasive, cuff-based blood pressure (BP) measurement, but it introduces systematic errors that may impact clinical accuracy. This study investigates the sources of these errors--primarily the…

The radiological characterization of contaminated elements (walls, grounds, objects) from nuclear facilities often suffers from a too small number of measurements. In order to determine risk prediction bounds on the level of contamination,…

The Egger intercept (EI) test is a widely used tool to detect horizontal pleiotropy in two-sample summary-data Mendelian randomization. A significant EI test suggests that either the average pleiotropic effect differs from zero (i.e.,…

In epidemiological studies, participants' disease status is often collected through self-reported outcomes in place of formal medical tests due to budget constraints. However, self-reported outcomes are often subject to measurement errors,…

Nonlinear longitudinal proportional effect models have been proposed to improve power and provide direct estimates of the proportional treatment effect in randomized clinical trials. These models assume a fixed proportional treatment effect…

Measurement error in multinomial data is a well-known and well-studied inferential problem that is encountered in many fields, including engineering, biomedical and omics research, ecology, finance, official statistics, and social sciences.…

Recently, there as been an increasing interest in the use of heavily restricted randomization designs which enforces balance on observed covariates in randomized controlled trials. However, when restrictions are strict, there is a risk that…

Gravitational wave (GW) observations from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are powerful tools for testing general relativity (GR). However, systematic errors arising from waveform models could potentially lead to incorrect scientific…

Many Mendelian randomization (MR) papers have been conducted only in people of European ancestry, limiting transportability of results to the global population. Expanding MR to diverse ancestry groups is essential to ensure equitable…

Mendelian randomization (MR) is widely used to uncover causal relationships in the presence of unmeasured confounders. However, most existing MR methods presuppose linear causality, risking bias when the true relationships are nonlinear,…

The validity of conclusions from meta-analysis is potentially threatened by publication bias. Most existing procedures for correcting publication bias assume normality of the study-specific effects that account for between-study…

When individuals participating in a randomized trial differ with respect to the distribution of effect modifiers compared compared with the target population where the trial results will be used, treatment effect estimates from the trial…

Many measurements at collider experiments study physics candidates that are a subset of a collision event. The presence of multiple such candidates in a given event can cause raw biases which are large compared to typical statistical…