相关论文: Measurement of fundamental physical quantities in …
With the upgrade of the LHC, the couplings of the observed Higgs particle to fermions and gauge bosons will be measured with a much higher experimental accuracy than current measurements, but will still be limited by an order 10%…
Recent progress in observational cosmology, and especially the forthcoming PLANCK mission data, open new directions in so-called precision cosmology. In this paper we illustrate this statement considering the accuracy of cosmological…
The TOTEM experiment has performed several measurements related to its physics program in dedicated (high \beta*, low L) LHC fills at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV. Under various beam and background conditions, the differential elastic (as a function…
The Advanced LIGO/Virgo interferometers have observed $\sim 100$ gravitational-wave transients enabling new questions to be answered about relativity, astrophysics, and cosmology. However, many of our current procedures for computing these…
One of the main challenges in physics today is to merge quantum theory and the theory of general relativity into a unified framework. Various approaches towards developing such a theory of quantum gravity are pursued, but the lack of…
The LHCb experiment has the unique possibility, among the LHC experiments, to be operated in fixed target mode, using its internal gas target SMOG. The energy scale achievable at the LHC and the excellent detector capabilities for…
The question whether the invariant speed c, Planck constant h/, and gravitational constant G can be or should be put equal to 1 is analyzed. The discussion is based on fundamental considerations concerning the notion of physical quantity.…
We find five fundamental reasons demanding that any gravitational mass m, and the speed of light c, vary with cosmological time such that mc remains constant. This is required by the universal condition of conservation of momentum in a…
The primary objective of the Beyond Einstein Advanced Coherent Optical Network (BEACON) mission is a search for new physics beyond general relativity by measuring the curvature of relativistic space-time around Earth. This curvature is…
The framework of relativistic quantum-field theories requires Lorentz Invariance. Many theories of quantum gravity, on the other hand, include violations of Lorentz Invariance at small scales and high energies. This generates a lot of…
The successful operation of the {\em Large Hadron Collider} (LHC) during the past two years allowed to explore particle interaction in a new energy regime. Measurements of important Standard Model processes like the production of high-\pt\…
The speed of light in vacuum, one of the most important and precisely measured natural constants, is fixed by convention to $c=299 792 458$ m/s. Advanced theories predict possible deviations from this universal value, or even quantum…
Due to time and financial restrictions in an educational laboratory, we are making compromises, using experimental setups in which limitations and uncertainties are important. In these cases we should pay particular attention to the role of…
Measurement of minuscule forces and displacements with ever greater precision encounters a limit imposed by a pillar of quantum mechanics: the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. A limit to the precision with which the position of an object…
New particle acceleration schemes open up exciting opportunities, potentially providing more compact or higher-energy accelerators. The AWAKE experiment at CERN is currently taking data to establish the method of proton-driven plasma…
We propose two experimental schemes to determine and so to realize the Avogadro constant $N\_{A}$ at the level of 10$^{-7}$ or better with a watt balance experiment and a cold atom experiment measuring $h/m(X)$ (where $h$ is the Planck…
I review the current state of determinations of the Hubble constant, which gives the length scale of the Universe by relating the expansion velocity of objects to their distance. There are two broad categories of measurements. The first…
Physics lab courses are integral parts of an undergraduate physics education, and offer a variety of opportunities for learning. Many of these opportunities center around a common learning goal in introductory physics lab courses:…
In this brief contribution I will highlight some directions where the developments in the frontier of (quantum) metrology may be key for fundamental high energy physics (HEP). I will focus on the detection of dark matter and gravitational…
Probes for the small-x parton densities and predicted effects of gluon saturation are discussed. At very low x and intermediate Q, only results on hadronic observables at the LHC are available, which do not provide unambiguous information.…