相关论文: From nucleation to percolation: the effect of syst…

We discuss the failure dynamics of the Fiber Bundle Model, especially in the equal-load-sharing scheme. We also highlight the "Critical" aspects of their dynamics in comparison with those in standard thermodynamic systems undergoing phase…

In the interstellar medium, as well as in the Universe, large density fluctuations are observed, that obey power-law density distributions and correlation functions. These structures are hierarchical, chaotic, turbulent, but are also…

It is shown that different ways of interacting strings formed in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions cause a different strength of the chaoticity parameter lambda of Bose-Einstein correlations. In particular, in the case of percolation…

This chapter introduces the fracture nucleation process, their (extreme) statistics in disordered solids, in fiber bundle models, and in the two fractal overlap models of earthquake.

A prototype statistical model for the etching of a random solid is investigated in order to assess the influence of disorder and temperature on the dissolution kinetics. At low temperature, the kinetics is dominated by percolation…

Percolation refers to the emergence of a giant connected cluster in a disordered system when the number of connections between nodes exceeds a critical value. The percolation phase transitions were believed to be continuous until recently…

Structural organization and correlations are studied in very large packings of equally sized acrylic spheres, reconstructed in three-dimensions by means of X-ray computed tomography. A novel technique, devised to analyze correlations among…

Bucher [Bucher2001] has recently proposed an interesting brane-world cosmological scenario where the ``Big Bang'' hypersurface is the locus of collision of two vacuum bubbles which nucleate in a five dimensional flat space. This gives rise…

The fragmentation of small, brittle, flexible, inextensible fibers is investigated in a fully-developed, homogeneous, isotropic turbulent flow. Such small fibers spend most of their time fully stretched and their dynamics follows that of…

Two-dimensional directed site percolation is studied in systems directed along the x-axis and limited by a free surface at y=\pm Cx^k. Scaling considerations show that the surface is a relevant perturbation to the local critical behaviour…

We study the role played by topological textures and antitextures during the phase ordering of a two-dimensional system described by the discretised nonlinear O(3) sigma model with purely dissipative dynamics. We identify and characterise…

Percolation is a concept widely used in many fields of research and refers to the propagation of substances through porous media (e.g., coffee filtering), or the behaviour of complex networks (e.g., spreading of diseases). Percolation…

The dynamics of a fibre-bundle type model with equal load sharing rule is numerically studied. The system, formed by N elements, is driven by a slow increase of the load upon it which is removed in a novel way through internal transfers to…

The deformation of rocks is associated with microcracks nucleation and propagation, i.e. damage. The accumulation of damage and its spatial localization lead to the creation of a macroscale discontinuity, so-called "fault" in geological…

Forecasting the imminent catastrophic failure has a high importance for a large variety of systems from the collapse of engineering constructions, through the emergence of landslides and earthquakes, to volcanic eruptions. Failure forecast…

A liquid drop containing a long fiber is a complex system whose configuration is determined by an interplay of elastic stresses in the fiber and capillary forces due to the liquid. We study the morphological evolution of fibers that are…

We consider a particle in one dimension submitted to amplitude and phase disorder. It can be mapped onto the complex Burgers equation, and provides a toy model for problems with interplay of interferences and disorder, such as the NSS model…

In their letter, Andersen, Sornette, and Leung [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2140 (1997)] describe possible behaviors for rupture in disordered media, based on the mean field-like democratic fiber bundle model. In this model, fibers are pulled with…

Hydrogels have had a profound impact in the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery, and materials science as a whole. Due to the network architecture of these materials, imbibement with water often results in uniform swelling and…

By performing extensive simulations with unprecedentedly large system sizes, we unveil how rigidity influences the fracture of disordered materials. We observe the largest damage in networks with connectivity close to the isostatic point…