相关论文: Microscopic dynamics of escaping groups through an…

In this survey we consider mathematical models and methods recently developed to control crowd dynamics, with particular emphasis on egressing pedestrians. We focus on two control strategies: The first one consists in using special agents,…

Fundamental diagrams describing the relation between pedestrians speed and density are key points in understanding pedestrian dynamics. Experimental data evidence the onset of complex behaviors in which the velocity decreases with the…

In this paper we devise a microscopic (agent-based) mathematical model for reproducing crowd behaviour in a specific scenario: a number of pedestrians, consisting of numerous social groups, flow along a corridor until a gate located at the…

A modified lattice gas model is proposed to study pedestrian evacuation from a single room. The payoff matrix in this model represents the complicated interactions between selfish individuals, and the mean force imposed on an individual is…

We present modeling strategies that describe the motion and interaction of groups of pedestrians in obscured spaces. We start off with an approach based on balance equations in terms of measures and then we exploit the descriptive power of…

To minimize property loss and death count in terror attacks and other emergent scenarios, attention given to timely and effective evacuation cannot be enough. Due to limited evacuation resource, i.e., number of available exits, there exists…

We investigate the motion of pedestrians through obscure corridors where the lack of visibility (due to smoke, fog, darkness, etc.) hides the precise position of the exits. We focus our attention on a set of basic mechanisms, which we…

A very successful model for simulating emergency evacuation is the social-force model. At the heart of the model is the self-driven force that is applied to an agent and is directed towards the exit. However, it is not clear if the…

Human crowd motion is mainly driven by self-organized processes based on local interactions among pedestrians. While most studies of crowd behavior consider only interactions among isolated individuals, it turns out that up to 70% of people…

The fundamental diagram of pedestrian dynamics gives the relation between the density and the flow within a specific enclosure. It is characterized by two distinctive behaviors: the free-flow regime (for low densities) and the congested…

It is suggested that the motion of pedestrians can be described as if they would be subject to `social forces'. These `forces' are not directly exerted by the pedestrians' personal environment, but they are a measure for the internal…

We study the evacuation process from a smoky room by means of experiments and simulations. People in a dark or smoky room are mimicked by ``blind'' students wearing eye masks. The evacuation of the disoriented students from the room is…

In this chapter, we discuss the mathematical modeling of egressing pedestrians in an unknown environment with multiple exits. We investigate different control problems to enhance the evacuation time of a crowd of agents, by few informed…

Effective evacuation policies in emergency situations are important to save lives. To develop such policies, simulation models based on cellular automata have been used for crowd evacuation dynamics. In most previous studies of crowd…

We propose a bio-inspired, agent-based approach to describe the natural phenomenon of group chasing in both two and three dimensions. Using a set of local interaction rules we created a continuous-space and discrete-time model with time…

An average pedestrian flow through an exit is one of the most important index in evaluating pedestrian dynamics. In order to study the flow in detail, the floor field model, which is a crowd model by using cellular automaton, is extended by…

Pushes, falls, stampedes, and crushes are safety hazards that emerge from the collective motion of crowds, but might be avoided by better design and guidance. While pedestrian dynamics are now getting better understood on the whole, complex…

In shared space environments, urban space is shared among different types of road users, who frequently interact with each other to negotiate priority and coordinate their trajectories. Instead of traffic rules, interactions among them are…

This research explores the dynamics of the emergency evacuation during the "Running of the Bulls" festival (Spain, 2013). As people run to escape from danger, many pedestrians stumble and fall down, while others will try to pass over them.…

This article introduces a simulation platform to study complex crowd behavior in social context. The agent-based model is extended based on the social force model, and it mainly describes how agents interact with each other, and also with…