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Background: Clinical prediction models are increasingly used to inform healthcare decisions, but determining the minimum sample size for their development remains a critical and unresolved challenge. Inadequate sample sizes can lead to…

We evaluate two different methods for the integration of prediction uncertainty into diagnostic image classifiers to increase patient safety in deep learning. In the first method, Monte Carlo sampling is applied with dropout at test time to…

Label noise is a critical factor that degrades the generalization performance of deep neural networks, thus leading to severe issues in real-world problems. Existing studies have employed strategies based on either loss or uncertainty to…

Accurate imputation is essential for the reliability and success of downstream tasks. Recently, diffusion models have attracted great attention in this field. However, these models neglect the latent distribution in a lower-dimensional…

Recent years have witnessed the great advance of deep learning in a variety of vision tasks. Many state-of-the-art deep neural networks suffer from large size and high complexity, which makes it difficult to deploy in resource-limited…

Prognostic models aim to predict the future course of a disease or condition and are a vital component of personalized medicine. Statistical models make use of longitudinal data to capture the temporal aspect of disease progression;…

Methods for accurate prediction of radio signal quality parameters are crucial for optimization of mobile networks, and a necessity for future autonomous driving solutions. The power-distance relation of current empirical models struggles…

The healthcare sector has experienced a rapid accumulation of digital data recently, especially in the form of electronic health records (EHRs). EHRs constitute a precious resource that IS researchers could utilize for clinical applications…

Detecting inaccurate smart meters and targeting them for replacement can save significant resources. For this purpose, a novel deep-learning method was developed based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and a modified convolutional neural…

Label distribution learning (LDL) is a novel paradigm that describe the samples by label distribution of a sample. However, acquiring LDL dataset is costly and time-consuming, which leads to the birth of incomplete label distribution…

Location information is proven to benefit the deep learning models on capturing the manifold structure of target objects, and accordingly boosts the accuracy of medical image segmentation. However, most existing methods encode the location…

An indoor, real-time location system (RTLS) can benefit both hospitals and patients by improving clinical efficiency through data-driven optimization of procedures. Bluetooth-based RTLS systems are cost-effective but lack accuracy and…

Neural Linear Models (NLM) are deep Bayesian models that produce predictive uncertainty by learning features from the data and then performing Bayesian linear regression over these features. Despite their popularity, few works have focused…

Dose volume histogram (DVH) metrics are widely accepted evaluation criteria in the clinic. However, incorporating these metrics into deep learning dose prediction models is challenging due to their non-convexity and non-differentiability.…

The learning curve expresses the error rate of a predictive modeling procedure as a function of the sample size of the training dataset. It typically is a decreasing, convex function with a positive limiting value. An estimate of the…

Inference for high-dimensional logistic regression models using penalized methods has been a challenging research problem. As an illustration, a major difficulty is the significant bias of the Lasso estimator, which limits its direct…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, understanding and quantifying the uncertainty in their predictions is critical for enhancing application credibility. However, the existing literature relevant to LLM uncertainty…

Purpose: Previous quantitative MR imaging studies using self-supervised deep learning have reported biased parameter estimates at low SNR. Such systematic errors arise from the choice of Mean Squared Error (MSE) loss function for network…

Nowadays, deep learning methods, especially the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown impressive performance on extracting abstract and high-level features from the hyperspectral image. However, general training process of CNNs…

We derive a family of loss functions to train models in the presence of sampling bias. Examples are when the prevalence of a pathology differs from its sampling rate in the training dataset, or when a machine learning practioner rebalances…