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Most studies on word-level Quality Estimation (QE) of machine translation focus on language-specific models. The obvious disadvantages of these approaches are the need for labelled data for each language pair and the high cost required to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-02 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Constantin Orasan , Ruslan Mitkov

Translation Quality Estimation is critical to reducing post-editing efforts in machine translation and to cross-lingual corpus cleaning. As a research problem, quality estimation (QE) aims to directly estimate the quality of translation in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-06 Mingjun Zhao , Haijiang Wu , Di Niu , Zixuan Wang , Xiaoli Wang

Quality Estimation (QE) models evaluate the quality of machine translations without reference translations, serving as the reward models for the translation task. Due to the data scarcity, synthetic data generation has emerged as a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Xiang Geng , Zhejian Lai , Jiajun Chen , Hao Yang , Shujian Huang

Quality Estimation (QE) is an important component of the machine translation workflow as it assesses the quality of the translated output without consulting reference translations. In this paper, we discuss our submission to the WMT 2021 QE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-10 Shaika Chowdhury , Naouel Baili , Brian Vannah

Machine Translation (MT) Quality Estimation (QE) assesses translation reliability without reference texts. This study introduces "textual similarity" as a new metric for QE, using sentence transformers and cosine similarity to measure…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Kun Sun , Rong Wang

Providing quality scores along with Machine Translation (MT) output, so-called reference-free Quality Estimation (QE), is crucial to inform users about the reliability of the translation. We propose a model-specific, unsupervised QE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Tu Anh Dinh , Tobias Palzer , Jan Niehues

Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of evaluating the quality of a translation when reference translation is not available. The goal of QE aligns with the task of corpus filtering, where we assign the quality score to the sentence pairs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Akshay Batheja , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

This preliminary study investigates the usefulness of sentence-level Quality Estimation (QE) in English-Chinese Machine Translation Post-Editing (MTPE), focusing on its impact on post-editing speed and student translators' perceptions. It…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Siqi Liu , Guangrong Dai , Dechao Li

Recent advances in automatic quality estimation for machine translation have exclusively focused on written language, leaving the speech modality underexplored. In this work, we formulate the task of quality estimation for speech…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 HyoJung Han , Kevin Duh , Marine Carpuat

We present the task of PreQuEL, Pre-(Quality-Estimation) Learning. A PreQuEL system predicts how well a given sentence will be translated, without recourse to the actual translation, thus eschewing unnecessary resource allocation when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-06 Shachar Don-Yehiya , Leshem Choshen , Omri Abend

Recent advances in statistical machine translation via the adoption of neural sequence-to-sequence models empower the end-to-end system to achieve state-of-the-art in many WMT benchmarks. The performance of such machine translation (MT)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-11-20 Kai Fan , Jiayi Wang , Bo Li , Fengming Zhou , Boxing Chen , Luo Si

Simultaneous interpretation, translation of the spoken word in real-time, is both highly challenging and physically demanding. Methods to predict interpreter confidence and the adequacy of the interpreted message have a number of potential…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-07-09 Craig Stewart , Nikolai Vogler , Junjie Hu , Jordan Boyd-Graber , Graham Neubig

Quality Estimation (QE) models for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) predict the quality of the hypothesis without having access to the reference. An emerging research direction in NMT involves the use of QE models, which have demonstrated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Sai Koneru , Matthias Huck , Miriam Exel , Jan Niehues

Automatic Post-Editing (APE) is the task of automatically identifying and correcting errors in the Machine Translation (MT) outputs. We propose a repair-filter-use methodology that uses an APE system to correct errors on the target side of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Akshay Batheja , Sourabh Deoghare , Diptesh Kanojia , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Quality Estimation, as a crucial step of quality control for machine translation, has been explored for years. The goal is to investigate automatic methods for estimating the quality of machine translation results without reference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-03 Jiayi Wang , Ke Wang , Boxing Chen , Yu Zhao , Weihua Luo , Yuqi Zhang

Quality estimation (QE)-the automatic assessment of translation quality-has recently become crucial across several stages of the translation pipeline, from data curation to training and decoding. While QE metrics have been optimized to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Emmanouil Zaranis , Giuseppe Attanasio , Sweta Agrawal , André F. T. Martins

This paper describes our submission of the WMT 2020 Shared Task on Sentence Level Direct Assessment, Quality Estimation (QE). In this study, we empirically reveal the \textit{mismatching issue} when directly adopting BERTScore to QE.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-13 Lei Zhou , Liang Ding , Koichi Takeda

Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of predicting the quality of Machine Translation (MT) system output, without using any gold-standard translation references. State-of-the-art QE models are supervised: they require human-labeled quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-14 Tu Anh Dinh , Jan Niehues

Current state-of-the-art Quality Estimation (QE) in machine translation relies on massive, proprietary LLMs, raising data privacy concerns. We demonstrate that smaller, open-source LLMs (<30B parameters) are a viable, cost-effective and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Kamil Guttmann , Zofia Fraś , Artur Nowakowski , Krzysztof Jassem

Word-level quality estimation (WQE) aims to automatically identify fine-grained error spans in machine-translated outputs and has found many uses, including assisting translators during post-editing. Modern WQE techniques are often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Gabriele Sarti , Vilém Zouhar , Malvina Nissim , Arianna Bisazza