相关论文: The minimum energy state

For interacting electrons in solids, Heisenberg's equation is used to calculate the distribution in energy of transitions induced by adding an electron to an atomic-like spin orbital. This is the projected density of transitions which…

A novel method for deriving energy conditions in stable field theories is described. In a local classical theory with one spatial dimension, a local energy condition always exists. For a relativistic field theory, one obtains the dominant…

Energy conditions for matter fields are comprehensively investigated in arbitrary $n(\ge 3)$ dimensions without specifying future and past directions locally. We classify an energy-momentum tensor into $n$-dimensional counterparts of the…

We investigate a variational theory for magnetoelastic solids under the incompressibility constraint. The state of the system is described by deformation and magnetization. While the former is classically related to the reference…

When two isolated system are brought in contact, they relax to equilibrium via energy exchange. In another setting, when one of the systems is driven and the other is large, the first system reaches a steady-state which is not described by…

We consider a bound system of particles interacting via electromagnetic forces in an external electromagnetic field, including leading relativistic corrections. Each particle has a definite mass, charge, spin, and charge radius. We…

In quantum theory it is generally assumed that there exists a special state called the vacuum state and that this state is a lower bound to the energy. However it has recently been demonstrated that this is not necessarily the case for some…

The first part of the theory for the multicomponent nonisothermal nucleation is presented. On the base of analysis of the elementary acts of interation between an embryo and environment the kinetic equation is derived. This equation will be…

We show that the combined system of general relativity with a non minimally coupled electromagnetic field presents a bifurcation in a cosmical framework driven by a cosmological constant. In the same framework we show the existence of…

A point-like neutron in an external electromagnetic field experiences a shift in energy that mimicks the effect of an actual structural deformation of an extended neutron, i.e., a proper polarizability. In order to be able to differentiate…

We present a unifying framework to the understanding of when and how quantum mechanical systems become independent of their initial conditions and adapt macroscopic properties (like temperature) of the environment.By viewing this problem…

Many-body quantum-mechanical stationary states that have real valued wavefunctions are shown to satisfy a classical conservation of energy equation with a kinetic energy function. The terms in the equation depend on the probability…

The effects of the initial temperature in the out of equilibrium quantum field dynamics in the presence of an homogeneous external field are investigated. We consider an initial thermal state of temperature T for a constant external field…

An expression is derived for the classical free energy difference between two configurations of a system, in terms of an ensemble of finite-time measurements of the work performed in parametrically switching from one configuration to the…

By introducing a phase field and solving the eigen-functional equation of particles, we obtain the exact expressions of the ground state energy as a functional of the particle density for interacting electron/boson systems, and a…

From the energy-momentum tensors of the electromagnetic field and the mechanical energy-momentum, the equations of energy conservation and balance of electromagnetic and mechanical forces are obtained. The equation for the Abraham force in…

The cosmological dynamics of minimally coupled scalar field that couple to the background matter with thermal interactions is investigated in exponential potential. The conditions for the existence and stability of various critical points…

It is shown that weight operator of a composite quantum body in a weak external gravitational field in the post-Newtonian approximation of the General Relativity does not commute with its energy operator, taken in the absence of the field.…

Relationships between the coupling constant and the binding energy of threshold bound states are obtained in a simple manner from an iterative algorithm for solving the eigenvalue problem. The absence of threshold bound states in higher…

This is the first of three papers on the short-distance properties of the energy-momentum tensor in field theory. We study the energy-momentum tensor for renormalized field theory in curved space. We postulate an exact Ward identity of the…