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Convex functions and their gradients play a critical role in mathematical imaging, from proximal optimization to Optimal Transport. The successes of deep learning has led many to use learning-based methods, where fixed functions or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Anne Gagneux , Mathurin Massias , Emmanuel Soubies , Rémi Gribonval

We establish the fundamental limits in the approximation of Lipschitz functions by deep ReLU neural networks with finite-precision weights. Specifically, three regimes, namely under-, over-, and proper quantization, in terms of minimax…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-05-06 Weigutian Ou , Philipp Schenkel , Helmut Bölcskei

A new non-linear variant of a quantitative extension of the uniform boundedness principle is used to show sharpness of error bounds for univariate approximation by sums of sigmoid and ReLU functions. Single hidden layer feedforward neural…

泛函分析 · 数学 2020-06-18 Steffen Goebbels

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the cutting edge model for supervised machine learning in computer vision. In recent years CNNs have outperformed traditional approaches in many computer vision tasks such as object detection, image…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2016-03-01 Nitzan Guberman

This paper explores the expressive power of deep neural networks for a diverse range of activation functions. An activation function set $\mathscr{A}$ is defined to encompass the majority of commonly used activation functions, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Shijun Zhang , Jianfeng Lu , Hongkai Zhao

Quantile regression is the task of estimating a specified percentile response, such as the median, from a collection of known covariates. We study quantile regression with rectified linear unit (ReLU) neural networks as the chosen model…

统计理论 · 数学 2020-12-21 Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Wesley Tansey , Yanzhen Chen

In studying the expressiveness of neural networks, an important question is whether there are functions which can only be approximated by sufficiently deep networks, assuming their size is bounded. However, for constant depths, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-29 Gal Vardi , Ohad Shamir

In 1989 George Cybenko proved in a landmark paper that wide shallow neural networks can approximate arbitrary continuous functions on a compact set. This universal approximation theorem sparked a lot of follow-up research. Shen, Yang and…

经典分析与常微分方程 · 数学 2023-06-02 Jan Holstermann

We prove some new results concerning the approximation rate of neural networks with general activation functions. Our first result concerns the rate of approximation of a two layer neural network with a polynomially-decaying non-sigmoidal…

经典分析与常微分方程 · 数学 2021-01-05 Jonathan W. Siegel , Jinchao Xu

Complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) have been widely applied to various fields, especially signal processing and image recognition. However, few works focus on the generalization of CVNNs, albeit it is vital to ensure the performance of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-08 Haowen Chen , Fengxiang He , Shiye Lei , Dacheng Tao

XNet is a single-layer neural network architecture that leverages Cauchy integral-based activation functions for high-order function approximation. Through theoretical analysis, we show that the Cauchy activation functions used in XNet can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Xin Li , Xiaotao Zheng , Zhihong Xia

This paper establishes the (nearly) optimal approximation error characterization of deep rectified linear unit (ReLU) networks for smooth functions in terms of both width and depth simultaneously. To that end, we first prove that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-03 Jianfeng Lu , Zuowei Shen , Haizhao Yang , Shijun Zhang

Activation functions play a vital role in the training of Convolutional Neural Networks. For this reason, to develop efficient and performing functions is a crucial problem in the deep learning community. Key to these approaches is to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-09-23 Gianluca Maguolo , Loris Nanni , Stefano Ghidoni

We study neural networks with trainable low-degree rational activation functions and show that they are more expressive and parameter-efficient than modern piecewise-linear and smooth activations such as ELU, LeakyReLU, LogSigmoid, PReLU,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Maosen Tang , Alex Townsend

Despite multiple efforts made towards adopting complex-valued deep neural networks (DNNs), it remains an open question whether complex-valued DNNs are generally more effective than real-valued DNNs for monaural speech enhancement. This work…

声音 · 计算机科学 2023-01-12 Haibin Wu , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar , Daniel Wong

This research paper introduces two novel complex-valued Hopfield neural networks (CvHNNs) that incorporate phase and magnitude quantization. The first CvHNN employs a ceiling-type activation function that operates on the rectangular…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Garimella Ramamurthy , Marcos Eduardo Valle , Tata Jagannadha Swamy

This paper introduces deep super ReLU networks (DSRNs) as a method for approximating functions in Sobolev spaces measured by Sobolev norms $W^{m,p}$ for $m\in\mathbb{N}$ with $m\ge 2$ and $1\le p\le +\infty$. Standard ReLU deep neural…

数值分析 · 数学 2025-09-03 Yahong Yang , Yue Wu , Haizhao Yang , Yang Xiang

In this article we present new results on neural networks with linear threshold activation functions. We precisely characterize the class of functions that are representable by such neural networks and show that 2 hidden layers are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Sammy Khalife , Hongyu Cheng , Amitabh Basu

In this paper we investigate the family of functions representable by deep neural networks (DNN) with rectified linear units (ReLU). We give an algorithm to train a ReLU DNN with one hidden layer to *global optimality* with runtime…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-01 Raman Arora , Amitabh Basu , Poorya Mianjy , Anirbit Mukherjee

The universal approximation theorem establishes that neural networks can approximate any continuous function on a compact set. Later works in approximation theory provide quantitative approximation rates for ReLU networks on the class of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Jonathan W. Siegel , Snir Hordan , Hannah Lawrence , Ali Syed , Nadav Dym