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For a class $\mathcal{H}$ of graphs, #Sub$(\mathcal{H})$ is the counting problem that, given a graph $H\in \mathcal{H}$ and an arbitrary graph $G$, asks for the number of subgraphs of $G$ isomorphic to $H$. It is known that if $\mathcal{H}$…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2014-07-11 Radu Curticapean , Dániel Marx

We consider non-trivial homomorphisms to reflexive oriented graphs in which some pair of adjacent vertices have the same image. Using a notion of convexity for oriented graphs, we study those oriented graphs that do not admit such…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Christopher Duffy , Sonja Linghui Shan

A subset of vertices in a graph is called resolving when the geodesic distances to those vertices uniquely distinguish every vertex in the graph. Here, we characterize the resolvability of Hamming graphs in terms of a constrained linear…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Lucas Laird , Richard C. Tillquist , Stephen Becker , Manuel E. Lladser

We study the complexity of graph modification problems with respect to homomorphism-based colouring properties of edge-coloured graphs. A homomorphism from edge-coloured graph $G$ to edge-coloured graph $H$ is a vertex-mapping from $G$ to…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2022-05-04 Florent Foucaud , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou , Valia Mitsou , Théo Pierron

There is a natural one-to-one correspondence between squarefree monomial ideals and finite simple hypergraphs via the cover ideal construction. Let H be a finite simple hypergraph, and let J = J(H) be its cover ideal in a polynomial ring R.…

交换代数 · 数学 2010-11-03 Christopher A. Francisco , Huy Tai Ha , Adam Van Tuyl

We consider Colouring on graphs that are $H$-subgraph-free for some fixed graph $H$, which are graphs that do not contain $H$ as a subgraph. To classify the complexity of Colouring on $H$-subgraph-free graphs for connected $H$, it remains…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-23 Tala Eagling-Vose , Jorik Jooken , Felicia Lucke , Barnaby Martin , Daniël Paulusma

Highly regular graphs for which not all regularities are explainable by symmetries are fascinating creatures. Some of them like, e.g., the line graph of W.~Kantor's non-classical $\mathrm{GQ}(5^2,5)$, are stumbling stones for existing…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-19 Christian Pech , Maja Pech

A system of linear equations $L$ is said to be norming if a natural functional $t_L(\cdot)$ giving a weighted count for the set of solutions to the system can be used to define a norm on the space of real-valued functions on…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-11-28 Seokjoon Cho , David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee , Jozef Skokan , Leo Versteegen

A (simple) hypergraph is a family H of pairwise incomparable sets of a finite set. We say that a hypergraph H is a domination hypergraph if there is at least a graph G such that the collection of minimal dominating sets of G is equal to H.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-05-06 Jaume Martí-Farré , Mercè Mora , José Luis Ruiz

In line with the recent development in topological graph theory, we are considering undirected graphs that are allowed to contain {\em multiple edges}, {\em loops}, and {\em semi-edges}. A graph is called {\em simple} if it contains no…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Jan Bok , Jiří Fiala , Nikola Jedličková , Jan Kratochvíl , Paweł Rzążewski

We study the problem of computing the parity of the number of homomorphisms from an input graph $G$ to a fixed graph $H$. Faben and Jerrum [ToC'15] introduced an explicit criterion on the graph $H$ and conjectured that, if satisfied, the…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2022-07-04 Jacob Focke , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Marc Roth , Stanislav Živný

The "extremal function" $c(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the supremum of densities of graphs not containing $H$ as a minor, where the "density" of a graph $G$ is the ratio of the number of edges to the number of vertices. Myers and Thomason (2005),…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-07-25 Kevin Hendrey , Sergey Norin , David R. Wood

A large driver of the complexity of graph learning is the interplay between structure and features. When analyzing the expressivity of graph neural networks, however, existing approaches ignore features in favor of structure, making it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Martin Carrasco , Olga Zaghen , Kavir Sumaraj , Erik Bekkers , Bastian Rieck

An $n$-vertex graph $G$ of edge density $p$ is considered to be quasirandom if it shares several important properties with the random graph $G(n,p)$. A well-known theorem of Chung, Graham and Wilson states that many such `typical'…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-06-17 E. Aigner-Horev , D. Conlon , H. Hàn , Y. Person , M. Schacht

For graphs $G$ and $H$, an $H$-coloring of $G$ is a function from the vertices of $G$ to the vertices of $H$ that preserves adjacency. $H$-colorings encode graph theory notions such as independent sets and proper colorings, and are a…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-06-15 John Engbers , David Galvin

Given graphs $H$ and $G$, possibly with vertex-colors, a homomorphism is a function $f:V(H)\to V(G)$ that preserves colors and edges. Many interesting counting problems (e.g., subgraph and induced subgraph counts) are finite linear…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Radu Curticapean

A graph covering projection, also referred to as a locally bijective homomorphism, is a mapping between the vertices and edges of two graphs that preserves incidences and is a local bijection. This concept originates in topological graph…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Jan Bok , Jiří Fiala , Nikola Jedličková , Jan Kratochvíl

We extend the notion of graph homomorphism to cellularly embedded graphs (maps) by designing operations on vertices and edges that respect the surface topology; we thus obtain the first definition of map homomorphism that preserves both the…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-08 Delia Garijo , Andrew Goodall , Lluís Vena

For given graphs $G$ and $H$, let $|Hom(G,H)|$ denote the set of graph homomorphisms from $G$ to $H$. We show that for any finite, $n$-regular, bipartite graph $G$ and any finite graph $H$ (perhaps with loops), $|Hom(G,H)|$ is maximum when…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-06-15 David Galvin , Prasad Tetali

Two graphs are homomorphism indistinguishable over a graph class $\mathcal{F}$, denoted by $G \equiv_{\mathcal{F}} H$, if $\operatorname{hom}(F,G) = \operatorname{hom}(F,H)$ for all $F \in \mathcal{F}$ where $\operatorname{hom}(F,G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-07-11 Daniel Neuen