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The recent detection of gravitational waves (GWs) by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations spurred a variety of questions regarding the origin of the signal and the properties of its sources. The amplitude of a GW background produced by…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-06-26 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Matias Zaldarriaga

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) have recently found evidence for a nanohertz-frequency stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). Constraining its spectral characteristics will reveal its origins. To achieve this, we must understand how…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-11-15 William G. Lamb , Stephen R. Taylor , Rutger van Haasteren

Conventional approaches to probing axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) typically rely on a coupling to photons. However, if this coupling is extremely weak, ALPs become invisible and are effectively decoupled from the Standard Model.…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2019-01-30 Camila S. Machado , Wolfram Ratzinger , Pedro Schwaller , Ben A. Stefanek

When a source of gravity waves is conveniently placed between the Earth and some source of light, preferably a pulsating source, the magnitude of time delays induced by the gravity waves could, in optimal situations, be not too far out of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-11-01 Redouane Fakir

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations gather high-precision timing measurements of pulsars with the aim of detecting gravitational wave (GW) signals. A major challenge lies in the identification and characterization of the different…

For the first time, the expected stochastic gravitational wave background is probably discovered after observing the Hellings Downs correlation curve by several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations around the globe including NANOGrav,…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-02-14 Siyu Jiang , Aidi Yang , Jiucheng Ma , Fa Peng Huang

Given the recent detection of gravitational waves from individual sources it is almost a certainty that some form of background of gravitational waves will be detected in future. The most promising candidate for such a detection are…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-01-31 A. I. Renzini , C. R. Contaldi

The recent Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) nano-Hz gravitational wave (GW) background signal can be naturally induced by the annihilation of domain walls (DWs) formed at a symmetry-breaking scale $f\simeq 200$~TeV in the clockwork axion…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-04-05 Bo-Qiang Lu , Cheng-Wei Chiang , Tianjun Li

The recent announcement of evidence for a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWB) in pulsar timing array (PTA) data has piqued interest across the scientific community. A combined analysis of all currently available data holds…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-09-01 Serena Valtolina , Rutger van Haasteren

The recent evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) in the nanohertz band, announced by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations around the world, has been posited to be sourced by either a population of supermassive…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2024-09-25 David Wright , John T. Giblin , Jeffrey Hazboun

Evidence has emerged for a stochastic signal correlated among 67 pulsars within the 15-year pulsar-timing data set compiled by the NANOGrav collaboration. Similar signals have been found in data from the European, Indian, Parkes, and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-05-26 Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Jeremy G. Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Becsy , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Lydia Guertin , Kayhan Gultekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Patrick M. Meyers , Hannah Middleton , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Christopher J. Moore , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Alberto Vecchio , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young

Pulsar timing arrays aim to detect nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). A background of GWs modulates pulsar arrival times and manifests as a stochastic process, common to all pulsars, with a signature spatial correlation. Here we…

The gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) are long sought by pulsar timing array experiments (PTAs), in the forms of both a stochastic GW background (GWB) and individual sources. The evidence for a GWB was…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-09-27 Yunfeng Chen , Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu

In pulsar timing, timing residuals are the differences between the observed times of arrival and the predictions from the timing model. A comprehensive timing model will produce featureless residuals, which are presumably composed of…

Several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) permeating our galaxy. The origin of this background is still unknown. Indeed, while the gravitational wave emission…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-07-12 Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Kyle A. Gersbach

A low-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB) from the cosmic merger history of supermassive black holes is expected to be detected in the next few years by pulsar timing arrays. A GWB induces distinctive correlations in the pulsar…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2018-10-30 Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Angelo B. Mingarelli

Pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently presented evidence for a gravitational-wave background (GWB) signal at nanohertz frequencies. In this paper, we introduce new refitting techniques for PTA data analysis that elevate related…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-07-01 David Esmyol , Antonio J. Iovino , Kai Schmitz

Although searches for dark matter have lasted for decades, no convincing signal has been found without ambiguity in underground detections, cosmic ray observations, and collider experiments. We show by example that gravitational wave (GW)…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2022-07-26 Bo-Qiang Lu , Cheng-Wei Chiang , Da Huang

Recent observations from several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have unveiled compelling evidence for a stochastic signal in the nanohertz band. This signal aligns remarkably with a gravitational wave (GW) background, potentially…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-27 Zu-Cheng Chen , Shou-Long Li , Puxun Wu , Hongwei Yu