NANOGrav 15 年数据集：从脉冲计时阵列中逐个移除脉冲
高能天体物理现象
2025-05-26 v2 天体物理仪器与方法
摘要
NANOGrav 合作组织编译的 15 年脉冲计时数据集中已出现证据，表明存在与 67 个脉冲相关的随机信号。类似的信号也在来自欧洲、印度、Parkes 和中国 PTA 的数据中发现。该信号被解释为纳米赫�随机引力波背景的存在。为探讨该结果的内部一致性，我们检讨随着从数据集中逐个移除脉冲，恢复信号强度如何变化。我们使用（噪声边际化）最优统计量来计算信号强度，这是一种频率主义指标，旨在衡量脉冲来到时间残差中相关的额外功率。我们识别了若干最初出乎意料的特征。尽管如此，这些特征的显著性只能通过将真实数据与合成数据集进行比较来评估。经过对模拟数据集进行相同分析后，我们发现这些结果与 NANOGrav 15 年数据中存在随机引力波背景的假设并不矛盾。此处所发展的方法可为应用于更敏感的数据集提供额外工具。虽然该分析提供了 NANOGrav 结果的内部一致性检查，但并不能消除需进行额外调查的必要性，这些调查可能揭示潜在的系统误差或在数据中发现未建模的物理现象。
引用
@article{arxiv.2411.14846,
title = {The NANOGrav 15 Yr Data Set: Removing Pulsars One by One from the Pulsar Timing Array},
author = {Gabriella Agazie and Akash Anumarlapudi and Anne M. Archibald and Zaven Arzoumanian and Jeremy G. Baier and Paul T. Baker and Bence Becsy and Laura Blecha and Adam Brazier and Paul R. Brook and Sarah Burke-Spolaor and J. Andrew Casey-Clyde and Maria Charisi and Shami Chatterjee and Tyler Cohen and James M. Cordes and Neil J. Cornish and Fronefield Crawford and H. Thankful Cromartie and Kathryn Crowter and Megan E. DeCesar and Paul B. Demorest and Heling Deng and Lankeswar Dey and Timothy Dolch and Elizabeth C. Ferrara and William Fiore and Emmanuel Fonseca and Gabriel E. Freedman and Emiko C. Gardiner and Nate Garver-Daniels and Peter A. Gentile and Kyle A. Gersbach and Joseph Glaser and Deborah C. Good and Lydia Guertin and Kayhan Gultekin and Jeffrey S. Hazboun and Ross J. Jennings and Aaron D. Johnson and Megan L. Jones and Andrew R. Kaiser and David L. Kaplan and Luke Zoltan Kelley and Matthew Kerr and Joey S. Key and Nima Laal and Michael T. Lam and William G. Lamb and Bjorn Larsen and T. Joseph W. Lazio and Natalia Lewandowska and Tingting Liu and Duncan R. Lorimer and Jing Luo and Ryan S. Lynch and Chung-Pei Ma and Dustin R. Madison and Alexander McEwen and James W. McKee and Maura A. McLaughlin and Natasha McMann and Bradley W. Meyers and Patrick M. Meyers and Hannah Middleton and Chiara M. F. Mingarelli and Andrea Mitridate and Christopher J. Moore and Cherry Ng and David J. Nice and Stella Koch Ocker and Ken D. Olum and Timothy T. Pennucci and Benetge B. P. Perera and Nihan S. Pol and Henri A. Radovan and Scott M. Ransom and Paul S. Ray and Joseph D. Romano and Jessie C. Runnoe and Alexander Saffer and Shashwat C. Sardesai and Ann Schmiedekamp and Carl Schmiedekamp and Kai Schmitz and Brent J. Shapiro-Albert and Xavier Siemens and Joseph Simon and Magdalena S. Siwek and Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella and Ingrid H. Stairs and Daniel R. Stinebring and Kevin Stovall and Abhimanyu Susobhanan and Joseph K. Swiggum and Stephen R. Taylor and Jacob E. Turner and Caner Unal and Michele Vallisneri and Alberto Vecchio and Sarah J. Vigeland and Haley M. Wahl and Caitlin A. Witt and David Wright and Olivia Young},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.14846},
year = {2025}
}
备注
21 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables