NANOGrav 15 年和 20 年数据集：计时事件与脉冲形状变化
高能天体物理现象
2026-04-08 v1
摘要
脉冲的平均脉冲形状通常在十年尺度上保持稳定，这使得使用匹配滤波技术将脉冲到达时间估计到小于脉冲宽度的小数分之一成为可能。然而，在北美纳米赫时引力波观测（NANOGrav）对 PSR J1713+0747 的观察中，过去 20 年中观察到三个离散计时事件，偏离 prevailing timing model。所有三个事件都对应于脉冲形状的形态变化。我们对九颗 NANOGrav 脉冲的脉冲轮廓进行主成分分析，包括来自 15 年数据集的七颗脉冲以及来自即将发布的 20 年数据集的两颗脉冲。我们恢复了 PSR J1713+0747 中的三个已知脉冲形状变化事件，以及 PSR J1643-1224 中另一个先前已知的事件。我们实现了一个用于排序候选事件的排名指标，并在本九脉冲样本中处理四个高排名候选事件。我们也恢复了已知的慢性脉冲形状变化在 PSR J1643-1224、PSR J1903+0327 和 PSR B1937+21 中，并报告了 PSR B1937+21 中一种此类变化在约 10 年后意外的复现。
引用
@article{arxiv.2604.05453,
title = {The NANOGrav 15 yr and 20 yr Datasets: Timing Events and Pulse Shape Changes},
author = {Ben Jacobson-Bell and James M. Cordes and Shami Chatterjee and Sashabaw Niedbalski and Gabriella Agazie and Akash Anumarlapudi and Anne M. Archibald and Zaven Arzoumanian and Jeremy G. Baier and Paul T. Baker and Paul R. Brook and H. Thankful Cromartie and Kathryn Crowter and Megan E. DeCesar and Paul B. Demorest and Lankeswar Dey and Timothy Dolch and Elizabeth C. Ferrara and William Fiore and Emmanuel Fonseca and Gabriel E. Freedman and Nate Garver-Daniels and Peter A. Gentile and Joseph Glaser and Deborah C. Good and Jeffrey S. Hazboun and Ross J. Jennings and Megan L. Jones and David L. Kaplan and Matthew Kerr and Michael T. Lam and Bjorn Larsen and Duncan R. Lorimer and Georgia A. Lowes and Jing Luo and Ryan S. Lynch and Ashley Martsen and Alexander McEwen and Maura A. McLaughlin and Natasha McMann and Bradley W. Meyers and Patrick M. Meyers and Cherry Ng and Mason Ng and David J. Nice and Shania Nichols and Daniel J. Oliver and Timothy T. Pennucci and Benetge B. P. Perera and Nihan S. Pol and Henri A. Radovan and Scott M. Ransom and Paul S. Ray and Alexander Saffer and Ann Schmiedekamp and Carl Schmiedekamp and Brent J. Shapiro-Albert and Ingrid H. Stairs and Kevin Stovall and Abhimanyu Susobhanan and Joseph K. Swiggum and Mercedes S. Thompson and Amir Tresnjic and Haley M. Wahl},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.05453},
year = {2026}
}
备注
27 pages, 3 tables, 18 figures incl. 3 figure sets in ancillary files. Submitted to ApJ