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The equilibrium configuration and the radial stability of white dwarfs composed of charged perfect fluid are investigated. These cases are analyzed through the results obtained from the solution of the hydrostatic equilibrium equation. We…
We review here the classical argument used to justify the electrical neutrality of stars and show that if the pressure and density of the matter and gravitational field inside the star are large, then a charge and a strong electric field…
We use the isotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background to place stringent constraints on a possible electrical charge asymmetry of the universe. We find the excess charge per baryon to be $q_{e-p}<10^{-26}e$ in the case of a uniform…
It is demonstrated, owing to the nonlinearity of QED, that a static charge placed in a strong magnetic field\ $B$\ is a magnetic dipole (besides remaining an electric monopole, as well). Its magnetic moment grows linearly with $B$ as long…
Electron-positron pair creation in supercritical electric fields limits the net charge of any static, spherical object, such as superheavy nuclei, strangelets, and Q-balls, or compact stars like neutron stars, quark stars, and black holes.…
We study the effect of electric charge in compact stars assuming that the charge distribution is proportional to the mass density. The pressure and the density of the matter inside the stars are large, and the gravitational field is…
The papers setting upper bounds on the value of electric charge of the photon are briefly reviewed. The theoretical framework of these bounds is shown to be incomplete. Hence the bounds seem to be unreliable.
An attempt is made to guess the overall cosmic abundance of `metals' and the contribution made by the energy released in their production to the total intensity of extragalactic background light (EBL). With a comparable or somewhat larger…
By assuming that ultra dense hybrid neutron stars are endowed with a distribution of electric charge, we study the corresponding twin star solutions and their properties resulting from a sharp first order transition from confined hadronic…
What is the size of the atomic nucleus? This deceivably simple question is difficult to answer. While the electric charge distributions in atomic nuclei were measured accurately already half a century ago, our knowledge of the distribution…
Some models of inelastic dark matter posit the existence of bound states under some new $U(1)'$ gauge symmetry. If this new dark photon kinetically mixes with the standard model photon, then the constituent particles in these bound states…
The structure of strange dwarfs and that of hybrid stars with same baryonic number is compared. There is a critical mass (M~0.24M_sun) in the strange dwarf branch, below which configurations with the same baryonic number in the hybrid star…
In this chapter we introduce a microscopic modelling of the surplus electrons on the plasma wall which complements the classical description of the plasma sheath. First we introduce a model for the electron surface layer to study the…
By combining a renormalization group argument relating the charge e and mass m of the proton by e^2 ln m ~ 0.1 pi (in Planck units) with the Carter-Carr-Rees anthropic argument that gives an independent approximate relation m ~ e^20 between…
Preliminary abundances of lithium and a few other elements have been obtained for 31 field Am stars with good Hipparcos parallaxes, as well as for 36 normal A and F stars. Radial and projected rotational velocities were determined as well.…
White dwarfs are a class of stars with unique physical properties. They present many challenging problems whose solution requires the application of advanced theories of dense matter, state-of-the-art experimental techniques, and extensive…
We investigate the properties of non-rotating, electrically charged strange quark stars in four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. For quark matter we adopt the well-motivated quantum chromodynamics (QCD) equation-of-state, while for the…
Existing determinations show that n(C)/n(Fe) is more than a factor of 10 below solar in the atmospheres of three white dwarfs that appear to be externally-polluted. These results are not easily explained if the stars have accreted…
The problem of the equilibrium state of the charged many-particle system above dielectric surface is formulated.We consider the case of the presence of the external attractive pressing field and the case of its absence. The equilibrium…
We consider charged boson stars and study their effect on the structure of the vacuum. For very compact particle like ``stars", with constituent mass $m_{*}$ close to the Planck mass $m_{Pl}$, i.e. $m_{*}^{2} = {\cal O} (\alpha…