相关论文: Importance of Multiplicity Fluctuations in Entropy…

The initial state is one of the greatest uncertainties in heavy-ion collisions. A model-agnostic approach is taken in the phenomenological Trento framework which constrains parameters using Bayesian analysis. However, the color-glass…

We compute initial conditions in heavy-ion collisions within the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) framework by combining the impact parameter dependent saturation model (IP-Sat) with the classical Yang-Mills description of initial Glasma…

Fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions are larger at RHIC energy than at LHC energy. This fact can be inferred from recent measurements of the fluctuations of the particle multiplicities and of elliptic flow performed at…

Four models for the initial conditions of a fluid dynamic description of high energy heavy ion collisions are analysed and compared. We study expectation values and event-by-event fluctuations in the initial transverse energy density…

Since their discovery, fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions have been understood as originating mostly from the random positions of nucleons within the colliding nuclei. We consider an alternative approach where all the…

In this brief note, we determine the fluctuations of the initial eccentricity in heavy-ion collisions caused by fluctuations of the nucleon configurations. This is done via a Monte-Carlo implementation of a Color Glass Condensate…

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, event-by-event fluctuations are known to have non-trivial implications. Even though the probability distribution is geometrically isotropic for the initial conditions, the anisotropic $\varepsilon_n$…

A new method to quantify fluctuations in the initial state of heavy ion collisions is presented. The initial state energy distribution is decomposed with a set of orthogonal basis functions which include both angular and radial variation.…

In ultra-central heavy-ion collisions, anisotropic hydrodynamic flow is generated by density fluctuations in the initial state rather than by geometric overlap effects. For a given centrality class, the initial fluctuation spectrum is…

We develop a general decomposition of an ensemble of initial density profiles in terms of an average state and a basis of modes that represent the event-by-event fluctuations of the initial state. The basis is determined such that the…

We initialize the Quantum Chromodynamic conserved charges of baryon number, strangeness, and electric charge arising from gluon splitting into quark-antiquark pairs for the initial conditions of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A new…

Event-by-event fluctuations are central to the current understanding of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular, fluctuations in the geometry of the early-time collision system are responsible for new phenomena such as…

In the context of event-by-event hydrodynamic description, we analyze the implications of two models characterized by distinct initial conditions. The initial energy density of the first model adopts a Gaussian-type distribution, while…

Flow has emerged as a crucial probe for the properties of the thermalized medium produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The evolution of initial state fluctuations leaves imprints on the power spectrum of flow coefficients.…

Fluctuation and correlation observables are often measured using multi-particle correlation methods and therefore mutually probe the origins of genuine correlations present in multi-particle distribution functions. We investigate the common…

An interesting opportunity to determine thermodynamic and transport properties in more detail is to identify generic statistical properties of initial density perturbations. Here we study event-by-event fluctuations in terms of correlation…

In this paper, we investigate various ways of defining the initial source eccentricity using the Monte Carlo Glauber (MCG) approach. In particular, we examine the participant eccentricity, which quantifies the eccentricity of the initial…

Multiplicity distributions of charged particles and their event-by-event fluctuations have been compiled for relativistic heavy-ion collisions from the available experimental data at Brookhaven National Laboratory and CERN and also by the…

We present a simple description of the energy density profile created in a nucleus-nucleus collision, motivated by high-energy QCD. The energy density is modeled as the sum of contributions coming from elementary collisions between…

We present a systematic study of the effects due to initial condition fluctuations in systems formed by heavy-ion collisions using the hydrodynamical simulation code NeXSPheRIO. The study was based on a sample of events generated simulating…