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Modern society relies on complex supply chains to sustain the flow of goods and services that are essential to daily life. While traditional supply chain theory assumes a clear, hierarchical flow from upstream suppliers to downstream…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2026-04-07 Taiyo Nakatani , Takaaki Aoki

Reinforcement learning agents that operate in diverse and complex environments can benefit from the structured decomposition of their behavior. Often, this is addressed in the context of hierarchical reinforcement learning, where the aim is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-26 Anirudh Goyal , Shagun Sodhani , Jonathan Binas , Xue Bin Peng , Sergey Levine , Yoshua Bengio

Higher-order networks, naturally described as hypergraphs, are essential for modeling real-world systems involving interactions among three or more entities. Stochastic block models offer a principled framework for characterizing mesoscale…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Kazuki Nakajima , Yuya Sasaki , Takeaki Uno , Masaki Aida

In recent years numerous attempts to understand the human brain were undertaken from a network point of view. A network framework takes into account the relationships between the different parts of the system and enables to examine how…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2018-03-13 Nir Lahav , Baruch Ksherim , Eti Ben-Simon , Adi Maron-Katz , Reuven Cohen , Shlomo Havlin

A diffusion process on complex networks is introduced in order to uncover their large scale topological structures. This is achieved by focusing on the slowest decaying diffusive modes of the network. The proposed procedure is applied to…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Ingve Simonsen , Kasper Astrup Eriksen , Sergei Maslov , Kim Sneppen

Various types of promising techniques have come into being for influence maximization whose aim is to identify influential nodes in complex networks. In essence, real-world applications usually have high requirements on the balance between…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Yi Liu , Xiaoan Tang , Witold Pedrycz , Qiang Zhang

Nowadays, scientific challenges usually require approaches that cross traditional boundaries between academic disciplines, driving many researchers towards interdisciplinarity. Despite its obvious importance, there is a lack of studies on…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2016-07-25 Elisa Omodei , Manlio De Domenico , Alex Arenas

Industrial Control System (ICS) networks transmit control and monitoring data in critical environments such as smart grid. Cyber attacks on smart grid communication may cause fatal consequences on energy production, distribution, and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Nelson Makau Mutua , Petr Matoušek

An increasing number of systems have been proposed or deployed to the transit core of the Internet with the goal of observing and manipulating traffic in flight, systems we term Traffic Manipulating Boxes. Examples of these include: decoy…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-06-29 Max Schuchard , Nicholas Hopper

This paper investigates the impact of sanctions on Tornado Cash, a smart contract protocol designed to enhance transaction privacy. Following the U.S. Department of the Treasury's sanctions against Tornado Cash in August 2022, platform…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Raffaele Cristodaro , Benjamin Kraner , Claudio J. Tessone

Using data from the Web of Science (WoS), we analyze the mutual information among university, industrial, and governmental addresses (U-I-G) at the country level for a number of countries. The dynamic evolution of the Triple Helix can thus…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2013-01-04 Fred Y. Ye , Susan S. Yu , Loet Leydesdorff

Understanding the structure of communities in a network has a great importance in the economic analysis. Communities are indeed characterized by specific properties, that are different from those of both the individual node and the whole…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2021-10-20 Paolo Bartesaghi , Stefano Benati , Gian Paolo Clemente , Rosanna Grassi

A key element to understand complex systems is the relationship between the spatial scale of investigation and the structure of the interrelation among its elements. When it comes to economic systems, it is now well-known that the…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2022-02-07 Dario Laudati , Manuel S. Mariani , Luciano Pietronero , Andrea Zaccaria

Evaluating node influence is fundamental for identifying key nodes in complex networks. Existing methods typically rely on generic indicators to rank node influence across diverse networks, thereby ignoring the individualized features of…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Bingyu Zhu , Qingyun Sun , Jianxin Li , Daqing Li

Modern networks are becoming increasingly interdependent. As a prominent example, the smart grid is an electrical grid controlled through a communications network, which in turn is powered by the electrical grid. Such interdependencies…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2016-11-17 Agostino Sturaro , Simone Silvestri , Mauro Conti , Sajal K. Das

Spreading processes represent a very efficient tool to investigate the structural properties of networks and the relative importance of their constituents, and have been widely used to this aim in static networks. Here we consider simple…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2013-09-11 Michele Starnini , Anna Machens , Ciro Cattuto , Alain Barrat , Romualdo Pastor Satorras

Pesticides are important agricultural inputs to increase agricultural productivity and improve food security. The availability of pesticides is partially achieved through international trade. However, economies involved in the international…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2023-06-21 Jian-An Li , Li Wang , Wen-Jie Xie , Wei-Xing Zhou

Local analysis has long been recognised as an effective tool to combat the state-space explosion problem. In this work, we propose a method that systematises the use of local analysis in the verification of deadlock freedom for concurrent…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Pedro Antonino , Augusto Sampaio , Jim Woodcock

We investigate the impact of borders on the topology of spatially embedded networks. Indeed territorial subdivisions and geographical borders significantly hamper the geographical span of networks thus playing a key role in the formation of…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2014-04-04 Federica Cerina , Alessandro Chessa , Fabio Pammolli , Massimo Riccaboni

Identifying influential nodes in complex networks has received increasing attention for its great theoretical and practical applications in many fields. Traditional methods, such as degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2018-08-15 Qiang Liu , Yuxiao Zhu , Yan Jia , Lu Deng , Bin Zhou , Junxing Zhu , Peng Zou