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Reliability has been a major concern in embedded systems. Higher transistor density and lower voltage supply increase the vulnerability of embedded systems to soft errors. A Single Event Upset (SEU), which is also called a soft error, can…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Bing Xue , Mark Zwolinski

In this paper, we take a deep dive into microarchitectural security from a hardware designer's perspective by reviewing the existing approaches to detect hardware vulnerabilities during the design phase. We show that a protection gap…

Realizing the full potential of quantum computation requires quantum error correction (QEC), with most recent breakthrough demonstrations of QEC using the surface code. QEC codes use multiple noisy physical qubits to encode information in…

While static analysis is useful in detecting early-stage hardware security bugs, its efficacy is limited because it requires information to form checks and is often unable to explain the security impact of a detected vulnerability. Large…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Baleegh Ahmad , Hammond Pearce , Ramesh Karri , Benjamin Tan

Quantum error detection (QED) offers a promising pathway to fault tolerance in near-term quantum devices by balancing error suppression with minimal resource overhead. However, its practical utility hinges on optimizing design…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-14 Tom Ginsberg , Vyom Patel

Processor design and verification require a synergistic approach that combines instruction-level functional simulations with precise hardware emulations. The trade-off between speed and accuracy in the instruction set simulation poses a…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Kun Qin , Xiaorang Guo , Martin Schulz , Carsten Trinitis

Processor design validation and debug is a difficult and complex task, which consumes the lion's share of the design process. Design bugs that affect processor performance rather than its functionality are especially difficult to catch,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-11-20 Erick Carvajal Barboza , Sara Jacob , Mahesh Ketkar , Michael Kishinevsky , Paul Gratz , Jiang Hu

Realizing the potential of quantum computing will require achieving sufficiently low logical error rates. Many applications call for error rates in the $10^{-15}$ regime, but state-of-the-art quantum platforms typically have physical error…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-07-19 Zijun Chen , Kevin J. Satzinger , Juan Atalaya , Alexander N. Korotkov , Andrew Dunsworth , Daniel Sank , Chris Quintana , Matt McEwen , Rami Barends , Paul V. Klimov , Sabrina Hong , Cody Jones , Andre Petukhov , Dvir Kafri , Sean Demura , Brian Burkett , Craig Gidney , Austin G. Fowler , Harald Putterman , Igor Aleiner , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Ryan Babbush , Joseph C. Bardin , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexandre Bourassa , Michael Broughton , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Nicholas Bushnell , Benjamin Chiaro , Roberto Collins , William Courtney , Alan R. Derk , Daniel Eppens , Catherine Erickson , Edward Farhi , Brooks Foxen , Marissa Giustina , Jonathan A. Gross , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Jeremy Hilton , Alan Ho , Trent Huang , William J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , Sergei V. Isakov , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Seon Kim , Fedor Kostritsa , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Erik Lucero , Orion Martin , Jarrod R. McClean , Trevor McCourt , Xiao Mi , Kevin C. Miao , Masoud Mohseni , Wojciech Mruczkiewicz , Josh Mutus , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Michael Newman , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Thomas E. O'Brien , Alex Opremcak , Eric Ostby , Bálint Pató , Nicholas Redd , Pedram Roushan , Nicholas C. Rubin , Vladimir Shvarts , Doug Strain , Marco Szalay , Matthew D. Trevithick , Benjamin Villalonga , Theodore White , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Adam Zalcman , Hartmut Neven , Sergio Boixo , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Yu Chen , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly

The design of Systems on Chips (SoCs) is becoming more and more complex due to technological advancements. Missed bugs can cause drastic failures in safety-critical environments leading to the endangerment of lives. To overcome these…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Bryan Olmos , Daniel Gerl , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin

The emergence of distributed manufacturing ecosystems for electronic hardware involving untrusted parties has given rise to diverse trust issues. In particular, IP piracy, overproduction, and hardware Trojan attacks pose significant threats…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-13 Abhishek Nair , Patanjali SLPSK , Chester Rebeiro , Swarup Bhunia

The importance of preventing microarchitectural timing side channels in security-critical applications has surged in recent years. Constant-time programming has emerged as a best-practice technique for preventing the leakage of secret…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Lucas Deutschmann , Johannes Mueller , Mohammad Rahmani Fadiheh , Dominik Stoffel , Wolfgang Kunz

Memory safety defects pose a major threat to software reliability, enabling cyberattacks, outages, and crashes. To mitigate these risks, organizations adopt Compositional Bounded Model Checking (BMC), using unit proofs to formally verify…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Paschal C. Amusuo , Owen Cochell , Taylor Le Lievre , Parth V. Patil , Aravind Machiry , James C. Davis

We describe a technique for systematic testing of multi-threaded programs. We combine Quasi-Optimal Partial-Order Reduction, a state-of-the-art technique that tackles path explosion due to interleaving non-determinism, with symbolic…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2020-07-23 Daniel Schemmel , Julian Büning , César Rodríguez , David Laprell , Klaus Wehrle

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for achieving low error rates required for fault-tolerant quantum computation. In stabilizer-based codes such as the surface code, errors are inferred from repeated syndrome measurements and…

Traditional logical equivalence checking (LEC) which plays a major role in entire chip design process faces challenges of meeting the requirements demanded by the many emerging technologies that are based on logic models different from…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2020-05-29 Arash Fayyazi , Shahin Nazarian , Massoud Pedram

Quantum computers are highly susceptible to errors due to unintended interactions with their environment. It is crucial to correct these errors without gaining information about the quantum state, which would result in its destruction…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-03-22 Santiago Lopez , Jonathan Andrade Plascencia , Gabriel N. Perdue

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential step towards realising scalable quantum computers. Theoretically, it is possible to achieve arbitrarily long protection of quantum information from corruption due to decoherence or imperfect…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is typically viewed as a suite of practical techniques for today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, with limited relevance once fault-tolerant quantum computers become available. In this work, we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-11 Zeyuan Zhou , Shaun Pexton , Aleksander Kubica , Yongshan Ding

As DRAM technology continues to evolve towards smaller feature sizes and increased densities, faults in DRAM subsystem are becoming more severe. Current servers mostly use CHIPKILL based schemes to tolerate up-to one/two symbol errors per…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-02-25 Ravikiran Yeleswarapu , Arun K. Somani

We introduce an evaluation framework of 500 C verification tasks across five property types (memory safety, overflow, termination, reachability, data races) built on SV-COMP 2025, and evaluate 14 models across six families. We find that…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Jonas Bayer , Stefan Zetzsche , Olivier Bouissou , Remi Delmas , Michael Tautschnig , Soonho Kong