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Self-play methods based on regret minimization have become the state of the art for computing Nash equilibria in large two-players zero-sum extensive-form games. These methods fundamentally rely on the hierarchical structure of the players'…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2019-10-29 Gabriele Farina , Chun Kai Ling , Fei Fang , Tuomas Sandholm

Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE) is a refinement of the Nash equilibrium for imperfect-information extensive-form games (EFGs) that enforces consistency between the two components of a solution: agents' strategy profile describing their…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Christine Konicki , Mithun Chakraborty , Michael P. Wellman

The off-policy learning paradigm allows for recommender systems and general ranking applications to be framed as decision-making problems, where we aim to learn decision policies that optimize an unbiased offline estimate of an online…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-15 Shashank Gupta , Olivier Jeunen , Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

A conceptually appealing approach for learning Extensive-Form Games (EFGs) is to convert them to Normal-Form Games (NFGs). This approach enables us to directly translate state-of-the-art techniques and analyses in NFGs to learning EFGs, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-28 Yu Bai , Chi Jin , Song Mei , Ziang Song , Tiancheng Yu

In general, two-agent decision-making problems can be modeled as a two-player game, and a typical solution is to find a Nash equilibrium in such game. Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a well-known method to find a Nash…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2020-12-07 Huale Li , Xuan Wang , Shuhan Qi , Jiajia Zhang , Yang Liu , Yulin Wu , Fengwei Jia

We study equilibrium computation with extensive-form correlation in two-player turn-taking stochastic games. Our main results are two-fold: (1) We give an algorithm for computing a Stackelberg extensive-form correlated equilibrium (SEFCE),…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Hanrui Zhang , Yu Cheng , Vincent Conitzer

We propose an efficient solution approach for high-dimensional nonlocal mean-field game (MFG) systems based on the Monte Carlo approximation of interaction kernels via random features. We avoid costly space-discretizations of interaction…

数值分析 · 数学 2022-07-26 Sudhanshu Agrawal , Wonjun Lee , Samy Wu Fung , Levon Nurbekyan

The double oracle algorithm is a popular method of solving games, because it is able to reduce computing equilibria to computing a series of best responses. However, its theoretical properties are not well understood. In this paper, we…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Brian Hu Zhang , Tuomas Sandholm

Mean-field games (MFGs) are a modeling framework for systems with a large number of interacting agents. They have applications in economics, finance, and game theory. Normalizing flows (NFs) are a family of deep generative models that…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-05-24 Han Huang , Jiajia Yu , Jie Chen , Rongjie Lai

We study multi-agent general-sum Markov games with nonlinear function approximation. We focus on low-rank Markov games whose transition matrix admits a hidden low-rank structure on top of an unknown non-linear representation. The goal is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Chengzhuo Ni , Yuda Song , Xuezhou Zhang , Chi Jin , Mengdi Wang

There has been tremendous recent progress on equilibrium-finding algorithms for zero-sum imperfect-information extensive-form games, but there has been a puzzling gap between theory and practice. First-order methods have significantly…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2018-10-09 Christian Kroer , Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

Regret minimization has proved to be a versatile tool for tree-form sequential decision making and extensive-form games. In large two-player zero-sum imperfect-information games, modern extensions of counterfactual regret minimization (CFR)…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

Despite the many recent practical and theoretical breakthroughs in computational game theory, equilibrium finding in extensive-form team games remains a significant challenge. While NP-hard in the worst case, there are provably efficient…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Brian Hu Zhang , Tuomas Sandholm

We study Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) in zero-sum extensive-form games with perfect information and simultaneous moves. We present a general template of MCTS algorithms for these games, which can be instantiated by various selection…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2013-12-16 Viliam Lisý , Vojtěch Kovařík , Marc Lanctot , Branislav Bošanský

The sequence form, owing to its compact and holistic strategy representation, has demonstrated significant efficiency in computing normal-form perfect equilibria for two-player extensive-form games with perfect recall. Nevertheless, the…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Yuqing Hou , Yiyin Cao , Chuangyin Dang , Yong Wang

A vital stage in the mathematical modelling of real-world systems is to calibrate a model's parameters to observed data. Likelihood-free parameter inference methods, such as Approximate Bayesian Computation, build Monte Carlo samples of the…

统计计算 · 统计学 2021-12-23 Thomas P Prescott , Ruth E Baker

A considerable chasm has been looming for decades between theory and practice in zero-sum game solving through first-order methods. Although a convergence rate of $T^{-1}$ has long been established, the most effective paradigm in practice…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Brian Hu Zhang , Ioannis Anagnostides , Tuomas Sandholm

To model complex real-world systems, such as traders in stock markets, or the dissemination of contagious diseases, graphon mean-field games (GMFG) have been proposed to model many agents. Despite the empirical success, our understanding of…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Jing Dong , Baoxiang Wang , Yaoliang Yu

We study how to learn $\epsilon$-optimal strategies in zero-sum imperfect information games (IIG) with trajectory feedback. In this setting, players update their policies sequentially based on their observations over a fixed number of…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Côme Fiegel , Pierre Ménard , Tadashi Kozuno , Rémi Munos , Vianney Perchet , Michal Valko

Scale-invariance in games has recently emerged as a widely valued desirable property. Yet, almost all fast convergence guarantees in learning in games require prior knowledge of the utility scale. To address this, we develop learning…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Taira Tsuchiya , Haipeng Luo , Shinji Ito