相关论文: Neuroplasticity in adult human visual cortex
Shibata et al. reported that humans could learn to repeatedly evoke a stimulus-associated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity pattern in visual areas V1/V2 through which visual perceptual learning was achieved without…
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is the most common eye disorder, resulting primarily from excess elongation of the eye. The etiology of myopia, although known to be complex, is poorly understood. Here we report the largest ever genome-wide…
Early sensory deprivation such as blindness or deafness shapes brain development in multiple ways. While it is established that deprived brain areas start to be engaged in the processing of stimuli from the remaining modalities and in…
Loss of plasticity refers to the progressive inability of a model to adapt to new tasks and poses a fundamental challenge for continual learning. While this phenomenon has been extensively studied in homogeneous neural architectures, such…
About 15% of the world population is affected by a disability in some form, amongst whom only 31% perform the recommended exercises without intervention. We are working on developing a motivating and effective way to encourage people. In…
How can we build agents that keep learning from experience, quickly and efficiently, after their initial training? Here we take inspiration from the main mechanism of learning in biological brains: synaptic plasticity, carefully tuned by…
Visual neuroprostheses are commonly framed as technologies to restore natural sight to people who are blind. In practice, they create a novel mode of perception shaped by sparse, distorted, and unstable input. They resemble early extended…
The occurrence of a critical period of plasticity in the visual cortex has long been established, yet its function in normal development is not fully understood. Here we show that as the late phase of the critical period unfolds, different…
The eye grows during childhood to position the retina at the correct distance behind the lens to enable focused vision, a process called emmetropization. Animal studies have demonstrated that this growth process is dependent upon visual…
Unlike the brain, artificial neural networks, including state-of-the-art deep neural networks for computer vision, are subject to "catastrophic forgetting": they rapidly forget the previous task when trained on a new one. Neuroscience…
This work presents a bunched of promising technologies to treat blind people: the bionic eyes. The strategy is to combine a retina implant with software capable to interpret the information received. Along this line of thinking, projects…
Understanding how few distributed areas can steer large-scale brain activity is a fundamental question that has practical implications, which range from inducing specific patterns of behavior to counteracting disease. Recent endeavors based…
The brain is believed to operate in part by making predictions about sensory stimuli and encoding deviations from these predictions in the activity of "prediction error neurons." This principle defines the widely influential theory of…
The majority of inherited retinal degenerations are due to photoreceptor cell death. In many cases ganglion cells are spared making it possible to stimulate them to restore visual function. Several studies (Bi et al., 2006; Lin et al.,…
Bionic vision is a rapidly advancing field aimed at developing visual neuroprostheses ('bionic eyes') to restore useful vision to people who are blind. However, a major outstanding challenge is predicting what people 'see' when they use…
Neural activity in the visual cortex of blind humans persists in the absence of visual stimuli. However, little is known about the preservation of visual representation capacity in these cortical regions, which could have significant…
Presbyopia, an age-related ocular disorder, is characterized by the loss in the accommodative abilities of the human ocular system and afflicts more than 1.8 billion people world-wide. Conventional methods of correcting presbyopia fragment…
The human somatosensory cortex is intimately linked to other central brain functions such as vision, audition, mechanoreception, and motor planning and control. These links are established through brain learning, and display a considerable…
This systematic review aimed to examine the possible implication of visual-perceptual, visuo-attentional and oculomotor processing in the reading deficits frequently experienced by children with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), as previously…
Many cortical areas increase in size considerably during postnatal development, progressively displacing neuronal cell bodies from each other. At present, little is known about how cortical growth affects the development of neuronal…