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Human emotions involve basic and compound facial expressions. However, current research on facial expression recognition (FER) mainly focuses on basic expressions, and thus fails to address the diversity of human emotions in practical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Xinyi Zou , Yan Yan , Jing-Hao Xue , Si Chen , Hanzi Wang

Facial action unit (AU) detection is challenging due to the difficulty in capturing correlated information from subtle and dynamic AUs. Existing methods often resort to the localization of correlated regions of AUs, in which predefining…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Zhiwen Shao , Yong Zhou , Jianfei Cai , Hancheng Zhu , Rui Yao

The intensity estimation of facial action units (AUs) is challenging due to subtle changes in the person's facial appearance. Previous approaches mainly rely on probabilistic models or predefined rules for modeling co-occurrence…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-04-22 Yingruo Fan , Jacqueline C. K. Lam , Victor O. K. Li

Facial Action Unit (AU) detection has gained significant attention as it enables the breakdown of complex facial expressions into individual muscle movements. In this paper, we revisit two fundamental factors in AU detection: diverse and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-12 Mang Ning , Albert Ali Salah , Itir Onal Ertugrul

Current works formulate facial action unit (AU) recognition as a supervised learning problem, requiring fully AU-labeled facial images during training. It is challenging if not impossible to provide AU annotations for large numbers of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-07 Shangfei Wang , Yanan Chang , Guozhu Peng , Bowen Pan

It is challenging to recognize facial action unit (AU) from spontaneous facial displays, especially when they are accompanied by speech. The major reason is that the information is extracted from a single source, i.e., the visual channel,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-07-03 Zibo Meng , Shizhong Han , Ping Liu , Yan Tong

Detecting action units (AUs) on human faces is challenging because various AUs make subtle facial appearance change over various regions at different scales. Current works have attempted to recognize AUs by emphasizing important regions.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-08-27 Chen Ma , Li Chen , Junhai Yong

Expressing and identifying emotions through facial and physical expressions is a significant part of social interaction. Emotion recognition is an essential task in computer vision due to its various applications and mainly for allowing a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-15 Willams Costa , David Macêdo , Cleber Zanchettin , Lucas S. Figueiredo , Veronica Teichrieb

The muscular activities caused the activation of certain AUs for every facial expression at the certain duration of time throughout the facial expression. This paper presents the methods to recognise facial Action Unit (AU) using facial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-12-04 N. Hussain , H. Ujir , I. Hipiny , J-L Minoi

Facial action units allow an objective, standardized description of facial micro movements which can be used to describe emotions in human faces. Annotating data for action units is an expensive and time-consuming task, which leads to a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-08-18 Jaspar Pahl , Ines Rieger , Dominik Seuss

Facial Action Unit (AU) detection seeks to recognize subtle facial muscle activations as defined by the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). A primary challenge w.r.t AU detection is the effective learning of discriminative and generalizable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Yong Li , Yi Ren , Yizhe Zhang , Wenhua Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Muyun Jiang , Guo-Sen Xie , Cuntai Guan

Emotions play a crucial role in human behavior and decision-making, making emotion recognition a key area of interest in human-computer interaction (HCI). This study addresses the challenges of emotion recognition by integrating facial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Zaitian Wang , Jian He , Yu Liang , Xiyuan Hu , Tianhao Peng , Kaixin Wang , Jiakai Wang , Chenlong Zhang , Weili Zhang , Shuang Niu , Xiaoyang Xie

Facial Action Units detection (FAUs) represents a fine-grained classification problem that involves identifying different units on the human face, as defined by the Facial Action Coding System. In this paper, we present a simple yet…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-21 Tu Vu , Van Thong Huynh , Soo Hyung Kim

The rapid evolution of generative AI has increased the threat of realistic audio-visual deepfakes, demanding robust detection methods. Existing solutions primarily address unimodal (audio or visual) forgeries but struggle with multimodal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Jian Wang , Baoyuan Wu , Li Liu , Qingshan Liu

Facial expression recognition (FER) has emerged as a promising approach to the development of emotion-aware intelligent agents and systems. However, key challenges remain in utilizing FER in real-world contexts, including ensuring user…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Sanjeev Nahulanthran , Leimin Tian , Dana Kulić , Mor Vered

This paper presents a subject-independent facial action unit (AU) detection method by introducing the concept of relative AU detection, for scenarios where the neutral face is not provided. We propose a new classification objective function…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2014-05-02 Mahmoud Khademi , Louis-Philippe Morency

For the Facial Action Unit (AU) detection task, accurately capturing the subtle facial differences between distinct AUs is essential for reliable detection. Additionally, AU detection faces challenges from class imbalance and the presence…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Ziqiao Shang , Bin Liu , Fengmao Lv , Fei Teng , Tianrui Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Facial Emotion Analysis (FEA) plays a crucial role in visual affective computing, aiming to infer a person's emotional state based on facial data. Scientifically, facial expressions (FEs) result from the coordinated movement of facial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Zhuozhao Hu , Kaishen Yuan , Xin Liu , Zitong Yu , Yuan Zong , Jingang Shi , Huanjing Yue , Jingyu Yang

This paper describes an approach to the facial action units detections. The involved action units (AU) include AU1 (Inner Brow Raiser), AU2 (Outer Brow Raiser), AU4 (Brow Lowerer), AU6 (Cheek Raise), AU12 (Lip Corner Puller), AU15 (Lip…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-02-11 Xianpeng Ji , Yu Ding , Lincheng Li , Yu Chen , Changjie Fan

Micro-expression (ME) action units (Micro-AUs) provide objective clues for fine-grained genuine emotion analysis. Most existing Micro-AU detection methods learn AU features from the whole facial image/video, which conflicts with the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Jinsheng Wei , Fengzhou Guo , Yante Li , Haoyu Chen , Guanming Lu , Guoying Zhao