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Watermarking has recently emerged as an effective strategy for detecting the generations of large language models (LLMs). The strength of a watermark typically depends strongly on the entropy afforded by the language model and the set of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Dara Bahri , John Wieting

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), such as autonomous vehicles crossing an intersection, are vulnerable to cyber-attacks and their safety-critical nature makes them a target for malicious adversaries. This paper studies the problem of…

系统与控制 · 计算机科学 2016-06-22 Amin Ghafouri , Xenofon D. Koutsoukos

Digital watermarking is a promising solution for mitigating some of the risks arising from the misuse of automatically generated text. These approaches either embed non-specific watermarks to allow for the detection of any text generated by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Zihao Fu , Chris Russell

For autonomous driving, an essential task is to detect surrounding objects accurately. To this end, most existing systems use optical devices, including cameras and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors, to collect environment data in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-22 Jindi Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Kejie Lu , Jianping Wang , Kui Wu , Xiaohua Jia , Bin Liu

In this work, we address the liability issues that may arise due to unauthorized sharing of personal data. We consider a scenario in which an individual shares his sequential data (such as genomic data or location patterns) with several…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-08-21 Arif Yilmaz , Erman Ayday

The vast majority of today's critical infrastructure is supported by numerous feedback control loops and an attack on these control loops can have disastrous consequences. This is a major concern since modern control systems are becoming…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2014-12-23 Hamza Fawzi , Paulo Tabuada , Suhas Diggavi

In this paper, we study how to secure the platooning of autonomous vehicles when an unknown vehicle is under attack and bounded system uncertainties exist. For the attacked vehicle, its position and speed measurements from GPS can be…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-03-31 Xingkang He , Ehsan Hashemi , Karl H. Johansson

Neural networks are increasingly used for intrusion detection on industrial control systems (ICS). With neural networks being vulnerable to adversarial examples, attackers who wish to cause damage to an ICS can attempt to hide their attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-10-05 Giulio Zizzo , Chris Hankin , Sergio Maffeis , Kevin Jones

Industry 4.0's highly networked Machine Tool Controllers (MTCs) are prime targets for replay attacks that use outdated sensor data to manipulate actuators. Dynamic watermarking can reveal such tampering, but current schemes assume…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-01 Navid Aftabi , Abhishek Hanchate , Satish Bukkapatnam , Dan Li

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various tasks. However, their deployment introduces significant risks related to intellectual property. In this context, we focus on model stealing attacks, where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Kieu Dang , Phung Lai , NhatHai Phan , Yelong Shen , Ruoming Jin , Abdallah Khreishah

Watermarking has recently emerged as an effective strategy for detecting the outputs of large language models (LLMs). Most existing schemes require white-box access to the model's next-token probability distribution, which is typically not…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Dara Bahri , John Wieting

We study the state estimation problem for linear control systems with quadratic outputs which are locally unobservable at the equilibrium. We show that, despite this inherent lack of observability, an adversary with sensor read and write…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-11 Zeyad M. Manaa , Nathan van de Wouw , Michelle S. Chong

Various watermarking methods (``watermarkers'') have been proposed to identify LLM-generated texts; yet, due to the lack of unified evaluation platforms, many critical questions remain under-explored: i) What are the strengths/limitations…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Jiacheng Liang , Zian Wang , Lauren Hong , Shouling Ji , Ting Wang

Text watermarking for Large Language Models (LLMs) has made significant progress in detecting LLM outputs and preventing misuse. Current watermarking techniques offer high detectability, minimal impact on text quality, and robustness to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Aiwei Liu , Sheng Guan , Yiming Liu , Leyi Pan , Yifei Zhang , Liancheng Fang , Lijie Wen , Philip S. Yu , Xuming Hu

This paper proposes a unified detection strategy against three kinds of attacks for multi-agent systems (MASs) which is applicable to both transient and steady stages. For attacks on the communication layer, a watermarking-based detection…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-01-08 Jinming Gao , Yijing Wang , Wentao Zhang , Rui Zhao , Yang Shi , Zhiqiang Zuo

In recent years, data poisoning attacks have been increasingly designed to appear harmless and even beneficial, often with the intention of verifying dataset ownership or safeguarding private data from unauthorized use. However, these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Yifan Zhu , Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao

The emergence of distributed manufacturing ecosystems for electronic hardware involving untrusted parties has given rise to diverse trust issues. In particular, IP piracy, overproduction, and hardware Trojan attacks pose significant threats…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-13 Abhishek Nair , Patanjali SLPSK , Chester Rebeiro , Swarup Bhunia

Watermarking acts as a critical safeguard in text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). By embedding identifiable signals into model outputs, watermarking enables reliable attribution and enhances the security of machine-generated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Yukang Lin , Jiahao Shao , Shuoran Jiang , Wentao Zhu , Bingjie Lu , Xiangping Wu , Joanna Siebert , Qingcai Chen

The optical communication has an increasing need for security in public transmission scenarios. Here we present a protocol for cryptographic key distribution over a public network via photon-counting compressive imaging system with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-04-14 Wen-Kai Yu

This paper proposes an oblivious watermarking algorithm with blind detection approach for high volume data hiding in image signals. We present a detection reliable signal adaptive embedding scheme for multiple messages in selective…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2012-07-12 T. S. Das , V. H. Mankar , S. K. Sarkar