相关论文: Data science for assessing possible tax income man…
In this paper, we extend some ideas of statistical physics to describe the properties of human mobility. From a physical point of view, we consider the statistical empirical laws of private cars mobility, taking advantage of a GPS database…
Over the last decades, in disciplines as diverse as economics, geography, and complex systems, a perspective has arisen proposing that many properties of cities are quantitatively predictable due to agglomeration or scaling effects. Using…
The number of Italian firms in function of the number of workers is well approximated by an inverse power law up to 15 workers but shows a clear downward deflection beyond this point, both when using old pre-1999 data and when using recent…
This work applies a new approach to measure knowledge flows. Assuming that citation linkages between articles imply a flow of knowledge from the cited to the citing authors, we investigate the geographic flows of scientific knowledge…
The Inland Revenue Services is overwhelmed with gigabyte of disk capacity containing data about tax payers in the state. The data stored on the database increases in size at an alarming rate. This has resulted in a data rich but information…
Recent news cast doubts on London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) integrity. Given its economic importance and the delay with which authorities realize about this situation, we aim to find an objective method in order to detect departures in…
We use data from 107 Italian provinces to characterize and compare mortality patterns in the first two COVID-19 epidemic waves, which occurred prior to the introduction of vaccines. We also associate these patterns with mobility, timing of…
The Newcomb-Benford law, also known as the first-digit law, gives the probability distribution associated with the first digit of a dataset, so that, for example, the first significant digit has a probability of $30.1$ % of being $1$ and…
The application of Statistical Physics to social systems is mainly related to the search for macroscopic laws, that can be derived from experimental data averaged in time or space,assuming the system in a steady state. One of the major…
Using anonymized mobility data from Facebook users and publicly available information on the Italian population, we model the circulation of people in Italy before and during the early phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (COVID-19). We perform…
The first digit law, also known as Benford's law or the significant digit law, is an empirical phenomenon that the leading digit of numbers from real world sources favors small ones in a form $\log(1+{1}/{d})$, where $d=1, 2, ..., 9$. Such…
Here we present an Italian criminal case that shows how statistical methods can be used to extract information from a series of mixed DNA profiles. The case involves several different individuals and a set of different DNA traces. The case…
Economic policy research frequently examines population well-being, with a particular focus on the relationships between unequal living conditions, low educational attainment, and social exclusion. Sample surveys, such as EU-SILC, are…
An introduction to numerical large-deviation sampling is provided. First, direct biasing with a known distribution is explained. As simple example, the Bernoulli experiment is used throughout the text. Next, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)…
Statistical divergence is widely applied in multimedia processing, basically due to regularity and interpretable features displayed in data. However, in a broader range of data realm, these advantages may no longer be feasible, and…
Urbanization represents a huge opportunity for computer applications enabling cities to be managed more efficiently while, at the same time, improving the life quality of their citizens. One of the potential application of this kind of…
A microscopic dynamic model is here constructed and analyzed, describing the evolution of the income distribution in the presence of taxation and redistribution in a society in which also tax evasion and auditing processes occur. The focus…
Pre-taxation analysis plays a crucial role in ensuring the fairness of public revenue collection. It can also serve as a tool to reduce the risk of tax avoidance, one of the UK government's concerns. Our report utilises pre-tax income…
Statistical methods for the extraction of a small shift in broad data distributions are examined by means of Monte Carlo simulations. This work was originally motivated by the CERN neutrino beam to Gran Sasso (CNGS) experiment for which the…
Street view data is increasingly being used in computer vision applications in recent years. Machine learning datasets are collected for these applications using simple sampling techniques. These datasets are assumed to be a systematic…