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3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-03-15 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu

3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-04-21 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu

Non-volatile memory (NVM) is a class of promising scalable memory technologies that can potentially offer higher capacity than DRAM at the same cost point. Unfortunately, the access latency and energy of NVM is often higher than those of…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2018-05-01 HanBin Yoon , Justin Meza , Rachata Ausavarungnirun , Rachael A. Harding , Onur Mutlu

We propose overcoming the memory capacity limitation of GPUs with high-capacity Storage-Class Memory (SCM) and DRAM cache. By significantly increasing the memory capacity with SCM, the GPU can capture a larger fraction of the memory…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Jeongmin Hong , Sungjun Cho , Geonwoo Park , Wonhyuk Yang , Young-Ho Gong , Gwangsun Kim

The increased memory demands of workloads is putting high pressure on Last Level Caches (LLCs). Unfortunately, there is limited opportunity to increase the capacity of LLCs due to the area and power requirements of the underlying SRAM…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-12-21 Apostolos Kokolis , Namrata Mantri , Shrikanth Ganapathy , Josep Torrellas , John Kalamatianos

Emerging Persistent Memory technologies (also PM, Non-Volatile DIMMs, Storage Class Memory or SCM) hold tremendous promise for accelerating popular data-management applications like in-memory databases. However, programmers now need to deal…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2018-06-05 Ellis Giles , Kshitij Doshi , Peter Varman

As flash-based Solid State Drive (SSD) arrays become essential to modern data centers, scaling these arrays to meet explosive data growth is a frequent and critical operation. However, the conventional wear-leveling (WL) paradigm applied…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Shuhang Xu , Yunfei Gu , Linhui Liu , Chentao Wu

In this paper, we present a SRAM-PCM hybrid cache design, along with a cache replacement policy, named dead fast block (DFB) to manage the hybrid cache. This design aims to leverage the best features of both SRAM and PCM devices. Compared…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2013-11-04 Sparsh Mittal

DRAM-based main memory and its associated components increasingly account for a significant portion of application performance bottlenecks and power budget demands inside the computing ecosystem. To alleviate the problems of storage density…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-02-12 Fan Yao , Guru Venkataramani

As the amount of data produced in society continues to grow at an exponential rate, modern applications are incurring significant performance and energy penalties due to high data movement between the CPU and memory/storage. While…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Ryan Wong , Nikita Kim , Kevin Higgs , Sapan Agarwal , Engin Ipek , Saugata Ghose , Ben Feinberg

The continuing advancement of memory technology has not only fueled a surge in performance, but also substantially exacerbate reliability challenges. Traditional solutions have primarily focused on improving the efficiency of protection…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Fan Li , Mimi Xie , Yanan Guo , Huize Li , Xin Xin

Embedded machine learning (ML) systems have now become the dominant platform for deploying ML serving tasks and are projected to become of equal importance for training ML models. With this comes the challenge of overall efficient…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-06-29 Ahmet Inci , Mehmet Meric Isgenc , Diana Marculescu

Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) is widely considered a promising alternative to SRAM in the memory hierarchy due to STT-RAM's non-volatility, low leakage power, high density, and fast read speed. The STT-RAM's small feature size is…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2019-08-12 Kyle Kuan , Tosiron Adegbija

In-memory caching of intermediate data and eager combining of data in shuffle buffers have been shown to be very effective in minimizing the re-computation and I/O cost in distributed data processing systems like Spark and Flink. However,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2016-05-24 Lu Lu , Xuanhua Shi , Yongluan Zhou , Xiong Zhang , Hai Jin , Cheng Pei , Ligang He , Yuanzhen Geng

With the ever-increasing amount of data generate in the world, estimated to reach over 200 Zettabytes by 2025, pressure on efficient data storage systems is intensifying. The shift from HDD to flash-based SSD provides one of the most…

操作系统 · 计算机科学 2023-07-25 Nick Tehrany , Krijn Doekemeijer , Animesh Trivedi

State-space models (SSMs) have recently attention as an efficient alternative to computationally expensive attention-based models for sequence modeling. They rely on linear recurrences to integrate information over time, enabling fast…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Mahdi Karami , Ali Behrouz , Peilin Zhong , Razvan Pascanu , Vahab Mirrokni

The read channel in Flash memory systems degrades over time because the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling used to apply charge to the floating gate eventually compromises the integrity of the cell because of tunnel oxide degradation. While…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2014-03-19 Tsung-Yi Chen , Adam R. Williamson , Richard D. Wesel

The CXL-based solid-state drive (CXL-SSD) provides a promising approach towards scaling the main memory capacity at low cost. However, the CXL-SSD faces performance challenges due to the long flash access latency and unpredictable events…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Haoyang Zhang , Yuqi Xue , Yirui Eric Zhou , Shaobo Li , Jian Huang

Scalable persistent memory (PM) has opened up new opportunities for building indexes that operate and persist data directly on the memory bus, potentially enabling instant recovery, low latency and high throughput. When real PM hardware…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2022-07-29 Yuliang He , Duo Lu , Kaisong Huang , Tianzheng Wang

Several emerging technologies for byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) have been considered to replace DRAM as the main memory in computer systems during the last years. The disadvantage of a lower write endurance, compared to DRAM,…