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Power efficiency is becoming an ever more important metric for both high performance and high throughput computing. Over the course of next decade it is expected that flops/watt will be a major driver for the evolution of computer…

ARM-based and x86-64 laptop processors differ not only in instruction-set design, but also in memory hierarchy, core organization, system integration, and power-management mechanisms. This study presents a combined architectural and…

In this paper, we analyze the performance and energy consumption of an Arm-based high-performance computing (HPC) system developed within the European project Mont-Blanc 3. This system, called Dibona, has been integrated by ATOS/Bull, and…

This paper evaluates HPC-style CPU performance and cost in virtualized cloud infrastructures using a subset of OpenMP workloads in the SPEC ACCEL suite. Four major cloud providers by market share AWS, Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and…

We present the first comprehensive analysis of ARM MTE hardware performance on four different microarchitectures: ARM Big (A7x), Little (A5x), and Performance (Cortex-X) cores on the Google Pixel 8 and Pixel 9, and on Ampere Computing's…

Web browsing is an activity that billions of mobile users perform on a daily basis. Battery life is a primary concern to many mobile users who often find their phone has died at most inconvenient times. The heterogeneous multi-core…

Energy efficiency has been a daunting challenge for datacenters. The financial industry operates some of the largest datacenters in the world. With increasing energy costs and the financial services sector growth, emerging financial…

Latest ARM processors are approaching the computational power of x86 architectures while consuming much less energy. Consequently, supply follows demand with Amazon EC2, Equinix Metal and Microsoft Azure offering ARM-based instances, while…

In recent years, Arm-based processors have arrived on the HPC scene, offering an alternative the existing status quo, which was largely dominated by x86 processors. In this paper, we evaluate the Arm ecosystem, both the hardware offering…

The A64FX CPU powers the current number one supercomputer on the Top500 list. Although it is a traditional cache-based multicore processor, its peak performance and memory bandwidth rival accelerator devices. Generating efficient code for…

High-end ARM processors are emerging in data centers and HPC systems, posing as a strong contender to x86 machines. Memory-centric profiling is an important approach for dissecting an application's bottlenecks on memory access and guiding…

The scale of scientific High Performance Computing (HPC) and High Throughput Computing (HTC) has increased significantly in recent years, and is becoming sensitive to total energy use and cost. Energy-efficiency has thus become an important…

Today, our lifestyle revolves around digital devices powered by microprocessors of different instruction set architectures (ISA). Among them, the most common are x86 and ARM, the brainpower of our computers and smartphones. Reduced…

In recent years, data-intensive applications have been increasingly deployed on cloud systems. Such applications utilize significant compute, memory, and I/O resources to process large volumes of data. Optimizing the performance and…

This work elaborates on a High performance computing (HPC) architecture based on Simple Linux Utility for Resource Management (SLURM) [1] for deploying heterogeneous Large Language Models (LLMs) into a scalable inference engine. Dynamic…

Energy modelling can enable energy-aware software development and assist the developer in meeting an application's energy budget. Although many energy models for embedded processors exist, most do not account for processor-specific…

Heterogeneous processors, formed by binary compatible CPU cores with different microarchitectures, enable energy reductions by better matching processing capabilities and software application requirements. This new hardware platform…

As dataset sizes increase, data analysis tasks in high performance computing (HPC) are increasingly dependent on sophisticated dataflows and out-of-core methods for efficient system utilization. In addition, as HPC systems grow, memory…

Energy modeling can enable energy-aware software development and assist the developer in meeting an application's energy budget. Although many energy models for embedded processors exist, most do not account for processor-specific…

Modern GPUs such as the Ampere series (A30, A100) as well as the Hopper series (H100, H200) offer performance as well as security isolation features. They also support a good amount of concurrency, but taking advantage of it can be quite…