相关论文: Bypassing damaged nervous tissue

The biological neural network is a vast and diverse structure with high neural heterogeneity. Conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) primarily focus on modifying the weights of connections through training while modeling neurons as…

This paper describes some biologically-inspired processes that could be used to build the sort of networks that we associate with the human brain. New to this paper, a 'refined' neuron will be proposed. This is a group of neurons that by…

In the present study, an amplifying neuron and attenuating neuron, which can be easily implemented into neural networks without any significant additional computational effort, are proposed. The activated output value is squared for the…

Recent research shows that a faulty or sub-optimally operating metabolic network can often be rescued by the targeted removal of enzyme-coding genes--the exact opposite of what traditional gene therapy would suggest. Predictions go as far…

Chronic pain affects about 100 million adults in the US. Despite their great need, neuropharmacology and neurostimulation therapies for chronic pain have been associated with suboptimal efficacy and limited long-term success, as their…

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins and widespread disruptions in brain function. Computational modeling has advanced our understanding of these processes, but efforts have traditionally…

Complex soft tissues, for example the knee meniscus, play a crucial role in mobility and joint health, but when damaged are incredibly difficult to repair and replace. This is due to their highly hierarchical and porous nature which in turn…

Dendrites are crucial structures for computation of an individual neuron. It has been shown that the dynamics of a biological neuron with dendrites can be approximated by artificial neural networks (ANN) with deep structure. However, it…

Bayesian methods have been successfully applied to sparsify weights of neural networks and to remove structure units from the networks, e. g. neurons. We apply and further develop this approach for gated recurrent architectures.…

In this paper, we study the problem of improving computational resource utilization of neural networks. Deep neural networks are usually over-parameterized for their tasks in order to achieve good performances, thus are likely to have…

The brain can efficiently learn a wide range of tasks, motivating the search for biologically inspired learning rules for improving current artificial intelligence technology. Most biological models are composed of point neurons, and cannot…

The main problem about replacing LTP as a memory mechanism has been to find other highly abstract, easily understandable principles for induced plasticity. In this paper we attempt to lay out such a basic mechanism, namely intrinsic…

The activation function plays a fundamental role in the artificial neural network learning process. However, there is no obvious choice or procedure to determine the best activation function, which depends on the problem. This study…

The need for more transparency of the decision-making processes in artificial neural networks steadily increases driven by their applications in safety critical and ethically challenging domains such as autonomous driving or medical…

Gap junctions are channels in cell membranes allowing ions to pass directly between cells. They connect cells throughout the body, including heart myocytes, neurons, and astrocytes. Propagation mediated by gap junctions can be passive or…

Despite considerable theoretical progress in the training of neural networks viewed as a multi-agent system of neurons, particularly concerning biological plausibility and decentralized training, their applicability to real-world problems…

With increasing threats by large attacks or disasters, the time has come to reconstruct network infrastructures such as communication or transportation systems rather than to recover them as before in case of accidents, because many real…

In order to prevent deep neural networks from being infringed by unauthorized parties, we propose a generic solution which embeds a designated digital passport into a network, and subsequently, either paralyzes the network functionalities…

We view a neural network as a distributed system of which neurons can fail independently, and we evaluate its robustness in the absence of any (recovery) learning phase. We give tight bounds on the number of neurons that can fail without…

Plans for a new type of artificial brain are possible because of realistic neurons in logically structured arrays of controlled toggles, one toggle per neuron. Controlled toggles can be made to compute, in parallel, parameters of critical…