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A consistent interpretation is provided for Neolithic Gobekli Tepe and Catalhoyuk as well as European Palaeolithic cave art. It appears they all display the same method for recording dates based on precession of the equinoxes, with animal…
Signcryption is a cryptographic primitive which performs encryption and signature in a single logical step. In conventional signcryption only receiver of the signcrypted text can verify the authenticity of the origin i.e. signature of the…
A graph $G$ is a circle graph if it is an intersection graph of chords of a unit circle. We give an algorithm that takes as input an $n$ vertex circle graph $G$, runs in time at most $n^{O(\log n)}$ and finds a proper $3$-coloring of $G$,…
Historic scribe identification is a substantial task for obtaining information about the past. Uniform script styles, such as the Carolingian minuscule, make it a difficult task for classification to focus on meaningful features. Therefore,…
Oracle bone script, one of the earliest known forms of ancient Chinese writing, presents invaluable research materials for scholars studying the humanities and geography of the Shang Dynasty, dating back 3,000 years. The immense historical…
In this paper, we study code-based signatures constructed from Proof of Knowledge (PoK). This line of work can be traced back to Stern who introduces the first efficient PoK for the syndrome decoding problem in 1993. Afterward, different…
The age of artificial intelligence has brought many new possibilities and pitfalls in many fields and tasks. The devil is in the details, and those come to the fore when building new pipelines and executing small practical experiments. OCR…
It was only until the 20th century when the Chinese language began using punctuation. In fact, many ancient Chinese texts contain thousands of lines with no distinct punctuation marks or delimiters in sight. The lack of punctuation in such…
Handwritten text recognition is challenging because of the virtually infinite ways a human can write the same message. Our fully convolutional handwriting model takes in a handwriting sample of unknown length and outputs an arbitrary stream…
Document parsing has garnered widespread attention as vision-language models (VLMs) advance OCR capabilities. However, the field remains fragmented across dozens of specialized models with varying strengths, forcing users to navigate…
The paper-and-pencil calculator is a cosmological nomogram which allows to find relations between redshift, distance, age of the Universe, physical and angular sizes, luminosity and apparent magnitude for the standard cosmological model…
In the near future, all the human genes will be identified. But understanding the functions coded in the genes is a much harder problem. For example, by using block entropy, one has that the DNA code is closer to a random code then written…
We argue that there was a link between Indus Valley India and the Mayans of Central America which is brought out by astronomical references. The former used a Jovian calendar while the latter had perfected a calendar based on Venus. This…
Visual question answering (VQA) is a task where an image is given, and a series of questions are asked about the image. To build an efficient VQA algorithm, a large amount of QA data is required which is very expensive. Generating synthetic…
The completeness and reliability of the DENIS IJK survey and the EDSGC (derived from the COSMOS scans of USKT plates) are obtained by detailed cross-identifications and systematic visual inspections of conflictual classifications. The DENIS…
The Winograd Schema Challenge (WSC) (Levesque, Davis, and Morgenstern 2011), a benchmark for commonsense reasoning, is a set of 273 expert-crafted pronoun resolution problems originally designed to be unsolvable for statistical models that…
Good quantum codes, such as quantum MDS codes, are typically nondegenerate, meaning that errors of small weight require active error-correction, which is--paradoxically--itself prone to errors. Decoherence free subspaces, on the other hand,…
Scientific computation is a discipline that combines numerical analysis, physical understanding, algorithm development, and structured programming. Several yottacycles per year on the world's largest computers are spent simulating problems…
Multispectral imaging is an important technique for improving the readability of written or printed text where the letters have faded, either due to deliberate erasing or simply due to the ravages of time. Often the text can be read simply…
Magic-square constraints define Diophantine systems whose solutions, in several natural families, exhibit rigid periodic structure. We study this structure in an oracle setting, where a marked set of integers is given by black-box access…