相关论文: A flexible multivariate random effects proportiona…

Objective: To assess the performance of a probabilistic deep learning based algorithm for predicting inter-fraction anatomical changes in head and neck patients. Approach: A probabilistic daily anatomy model for head and neck patients…

Radiotherapy treatment planning often relies on time-consuming, trial-and-error adjustments that heavily depend on the expertise of specialists, while existing deep learning methods face limitations in generalization, prediction accuracy,…

The normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) is a measure for the estimated side effects of a given radiation treatment schedule. Here we use a stochastic logistic birth death process to define an organ specific and patient specific…

This paper deals with the estimation of regions of attraction (RoAs) under parametric uncertainties for a cancer growth model with combined therapies. We propose a framework of probabilistic certification, based on the randomized methods,…

Radiotherapy is used to treat cancer patients by damaging DNA of tumor cells using ionizing radiation. Photons are the most widely used radiation type for therapy, having been put into use soon after the first discovery of X-rays in 1895.…

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for investigating causal relationships, with comparisons of potential outcomes under different treatment groups used to estimate treatment effects. However, outcomes with heavy-tailed…

In observational studies, exposures are often continuous rather than binary or discrete. At the same time, sensitivity analysis is an important tool that can help determine the robustness of a causal conclusion to a certain level of…

Phase I dose-finding studies aim at identifying the maximal tolerated dose (MTD). It is not uncommon that several dose-finding studies are conducted, although often with some variation in the administration mode or dose panel. For instance,…

Combining patient-level data from clinical trials can connect rare phenomena with clinical endpoints, but statistical techniques applied to a single trial may become problematical when trials are pooled. Estimating the hazard of a binary…

Evaluating the causal health effects of multivariate, continuous exposures, such as air pollution mixtures, is a critical public health challenge. A primary obstacle is the frequent violation of the positivity assumption, which renders the…

Effect modification occurs when the effect of the treatment on an outcome differs according to the level of a third variable (the effect modifier, EM). A natural way to assess effect modification is by subgroup analysis or include the…

Tongue cancer is a common oral cavity malignancy that originates in the mouth and throat. Much effort has been invested in improving its diagnosis, treatment, and management. Surgical removal, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy remain the…

Manual delineation of volumes of interest (VOIs) by experts is considered the gold-standard method in radiomics analysis. However, it suffers from inter- and intra-operator variability. A quantitative assessment of the impact of variations…

Comparative effectiveness research frequently employs the instrumental variable design since randomized trials can be infeasible for many reasons. In this study, we investigate and compare treatments for emergency cholecystitis --…

In the context of individual-level causal inference, we study the problem of predicting whether someone will respond or not to a treatment based on their features and past examples of features, treatment indicator (e.g., drug/no drug), and…

In the presence of treatment effect heterogeneity, the average treatment effect (ATE) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) may differ from the average effect of the same treatment if applied to a target population of interest. If all…

In recent years new cancer treatments improved survival in multiple histologies. Some of these therapeutics, and in particular treatment combinations, are often associated with severe treatment-related adverse events (AEs). It is therefore…

This study presents a mathematical model formulated as a system of first-order non-linear ordinary differential equations, aimed at examining the effects of different factors, classified as local and systemic factors on a wound healing…

We propose LD(Low Dose) model, the extension of LDM model which was proposed in the previous paper [Y. Manabe et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 81 (2012) 104004] to estimate biological damage caused by irradiation. LD model takes account of all…

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most frequent pediatric cancer. Approximately two third of survivors develop one or more health complications known as late adverse effects following their treatments. The existing measures offered to…