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The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into effect in May 2018 and is designed to safeguard EU citizens' data privacy. The benefits of the regulation to consumers' rights and to regulators' powers are well known. The benefits to…

Governments, Healthcare, and Private Organizations in the global scale have been using digital tracking to keep COVID-19 outbreaks under control. Although this method could limit pandemic contagion, it raises significant concerns about user…

The new information and communication technology providers collect increasing amounts of personal data, a lot of which is user generated. Unless use policies are privacy-friendly, this leaves users vulnerable to privacy risks such as…

Privacy has been a major concern for everybody over the internet. Governments across the globe have given their views on how the internet space can be managed effectively so that there is some control on the flow of confidential information…

The European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights only allows personal data processing if a data controller has a legal basis for the processing. This paper argues that in most circumstances the only available legal basis for the processing…

A firm seeks to analyze a dataset and to release the results. The dataset contains information about individual people, and the firm is subject to some regulation that forbids the release of the dataset itself. The regulation also imposes…

In recent years, the amount of information collected about human beings has increased dramatically. This development has been partially driven by individuals posting and storing data about themselves and friends using online social networks…

Although mobile devices benefit users in their daily lives in numerous ways, they also raise several privacy concerns. For instance, they can reveal sensitive information that can be inferred from location data. This location data is shared…

Large-scale collection of human behavioral data by companies raises serious privacy concerns. We show that behavior captured in the form of application usage data collected from smartphones is highly unique even in very large datasets…

Data collection and aggregation by online services happens to an extent that is often beyond awareness and comprehension of its users. Transparency tools become crucial to inform people, though it is unclear how well they work. To…

Recommender systems have become an integral part of many social networks and extract knowledge from a user's personal and sensitive data both explicitly, with the user's knowledge, and implicitly. This trend has created major privacy…

Online tracking is a primary concern for Internet users, yet previous research has not found a clear link between the cognitive understanding of tracking and protective actions. We postulate that protective behaviour follows affective…

As our lives migrate to the digital realm, our online identity has evolved to become an increasingly robust collection of data about every aspect of our online and offline lives. This data is extremely appealing to companies who wish to use…

This report summarizes the European Union's series of data and AI regulations and analyzes them for managers in automotive vehicle manufacturing organizations. In particular, we highlight the relevant ideas of the regulations, including how…

Mobile apps frequently request excessive data access, raising significant privacy concerns. While regulations like GDPR emphasize data minimization, they provide limited guidance on concretely defining and enforcing necessary data access.…

Contemporary mobile applications (apps) are designed to track, use, and share users' data, often without their consent, which results in potential privacy and transparency issues. To investigate whether mobile apps have always been…

Privacy dashboards and transparency tools help users review and manage the data collected about them online. Since 2016, Google has offered such a tool, My Activity, which allows users to review and delete their activity data from Google…

Data markets serve as crucial platforms facilitating data discovery, exchange, sharing, and integration among data users and providers. However, the paramount concern of privacy has predominantly centered on protecting privacy of data…

Digital services like ride sharing rely heavily on personal data as individuals have to disclose personal information in order to gain access to the market and exchange their information with other participants; yet, the service provider…

End users' awareness about the data they share, the purpose of sharing that data, and their control over it, is key to establishing trust and eradicating privacy concerns. We experimented on personal data management by prototyping a…