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The sample of dwarf galaxies with measured central black hole masses $M$ and velocity dispersions $\sigma$ has recently doubled, and gives a close fit to the extrapolation of the $M \propto \sigma$ relation for more massive galaxies. We…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-12-23 Andrew King , Rebecca Nealon

Elliptical, lenticular, and early-type spiral galaxies show a remarkably tight power-law correlation between the mass M_BH of their central supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the number N_GC of globular clusters: M_BH=m*N_GC^(1.08+/-0.04)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Andreas Burkert , Scott Tremaine

ABRIDGED: We use HSTACS and NICMOS imaging to study the structure and colors of a sample of nine late-type spirals. We find: (1) A correlation between bulge and disks scale-lengths, and a correlation between the colors of the bulges and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 C. M. Carollo , C. Scarlata , M. Stiavelli , R. F. G. Wyse , L. Mayer

We review internal secular evolution in galaxy disks -- the fundamental process by which isolated disks evolve. We concentrate on the buildup of dense central features that look like classical, merger-built bulges but that were made slowly…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 John Kormendy , David B. Fisher

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are nowadays believed to reside in most local galaxies, and the available data show an empirical correlation between bulge luminosity - or stellar velocity dispersion - and black hole mass, suggesting a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Marta Volonteri

We study the total density distribution in the central regions (~ 1 effective radius, $R_e$) of early-type galaxies (ETGs), using data from SPIDER and $\rm ATLAS^{3D}$. Our analysis extends the range of galaxy stellar mass ($M_{\star}$)…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 C. Tortora , F. La Barbera , N. R. Napolitano , A. J. Romanowsky , I. Ferreras , R. R. de Carvalho

We summarise some recent results about nearby galactic bulges that are relevant to their formation. We highlight a number of significant advances in our understanding of the surface brightness profiles, stellar populations, and especially…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Reynier Peletier , Marc Balcells , Jesus Falcon-Barroso , Alister Graham

Using 145 early- and late-type galaxies (ETGs and LTGs) with directly-measured super-massive black hole masses, $M_{BH}$, we build upon our previous discoveries that: (i) LTGs, most of which have been alleged to contain a pseudobulge,…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-12-11 Nandini Sahu , Alister W. Graham , Benjamin L. Davis

Using the deepest and the most complete set of observations of distant galaxies, we investigate how extended disks could have formed. Observations include spatially-resolved kinematics, detailed morphologies and photometry from UV to…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 F. Hammer , M. Puech , H. Flores , E. Athanassoula , Y. B. Yang , J. L. Wang , M. Rodrigues , S. Fouquet

Could there be intermediate mass black holes in essentially all old dwarf galaxies? I argue that current observations of Active Galactic Nuclei in dwarfs allow such a radical hypothesis which provides early feedback and potentially provides…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-04-19 Joseph Silk

If supermassive black holes in centres of galaxies form by merging of black-hole remnants of massive Population III stars, then there should be a few black holes of mass one or two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the central ones,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 James Etherington , Witold Maciejewski

The formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in early-type galaxies (ETGs) is a key challenge for galaxy formation theories. Using the monolithic collapse models of ETGs formed in Milgromian Dynamics (MOND) from Eappen et al. (2022),…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-02 Robin Eappen , Pavel Kroupa

The origin of supermassive black holes (SMBH) in galaxy centers still remains uncertain. There are two possible ways of their formation - from massive ($10^5 - 10^6 M_{\odot}$) and low-mass ($100 M_{\odot}$) BH nuclei. The latter scenario…

A theory is developed for the dynamics of eccentric perturbations $[\propto \exp(\pm i\phi)]$ of a disk galaxy residing in a spherical dark matter halo and including a spherical bulge component. The disk is represented as a large number $N$…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 R. V. E. Lovelace , L. Zhang , D. A. Kornreich , M. P. Haynes

The {\Lambda} cold dark matter ({\Lambda}CDM) paradigm of galaxy formation predicts that dense spheroidal stellar structures invariably grow at early cosmic time. These primordial spheroids evolve toward a virialized dynamical status as…

Transition discs are protoplanetary discs that show evidence for large holes or wide gaps (with widths comparable to their radii) in their dust component. These discs could be giving us clues about the disc destruction mechanism or hints…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-02-24 James E. Owen

We analyze deep X-ray, optical and mid-infrared Spitzer observations of the CDF-N/GOODS-N region to study 13 submillimeter-detected galaxies (SMGs) with spectroscopic redshifts (median z=2.2). We find a correlation between the estimated…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 C. Borys , Ian Smail , S. C. Chapman , A. W. Blain , D. M. Alexander , R. J. Ivison

Several examples of thin, Keplerian, sub-parsec megamaser disks have been discovered in the nuclei of active galaxies and used to precisely determine the mass of their host black holes. We show that there is an empirical linear correlation…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 Mark Wardle , Farhad Yusef-Zadeh

Ultra-luminous X-ray sources are extragalactic objects located outside the nucleus of the host galaxy with bolometric luminosities >10^39 erg s^-1. These extreme luminosities - if the emission is isotropic and below the theoretical (i.e.…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2010-01-06 Sean Farrell , Natalie Webb , Didier Barret , Olivier Godet , Joana Rodrigues

Supermassive black holes appear to be uniquely associated with galactic bulges. The mean ratio of black hole mass to bulge mass was until recently very uncertain, with ground based, stellar kinematical data giving a value roughly an order…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 David Merritt , Laura Ferrarese