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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is carried out in vacuum to minimize the interaction of the imaging electrons with gas molecules while passing through the microscope column. Nevertheless, in typical devices, the pressure remains at…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2019-01-25 Gregor T. Leuthner , Stefan Hummel , Clemens Mangler , Timothy J. Pennycook , Toma Susi , Jannik C. Meyer , Jani Kotakoski

Research in semiconductor physics has advanced to the study of two-dimensional (2D) materials where the surface controls electronic transport. A scanning probe microscope (SPM) is an ideal tool to image electronic motion in these devices by…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2017-02-01 Sagar Bhandari , Robert M. Westervelt

Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEMs) are widely renowned for their ability to analyze the surface structures of microscopic objects, offering the capability to capture highly detailed, yet only grayscale, images. To create more expressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Takuma Nishimura , Andreea Dogaru , Martin Oeggerli , Bernhard Egger

The appearance of direct electron detectors marked a new era for electron diffraction. Their high sensitivity and low noise opens the possibility to extend electron diffraction from transmission electron microscopes (TEM) to lower energies…

应用物理 · 物理学 2025-02-18 Nikita Denisov , Andrey Orekhov , Johan Verbeeck

Observing the individual building blocks of matter is one of the primary goals of microscopy. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope [1] revolutionized experimental surface science in that atomic-scale features on a solid-state…

材料科学 · 物理学 2008-08-04 Jannik C. Meyer , C. O. Girit , M. F. Crommie , A. Zettl

Atomic resolution imaging in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) of light elements in electron-transparent materials has long been a challenge. Biomolecular materials, for example, are rapidly altered when…

A new tool providing material contrast control in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is demonstrated. The approach is based on deep-UV illumination during SEM imaging and delivers a novel material based contrast as well as higher resolution…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2016-04-07 Gediminas Seniutinas , Armandas Balcytis , Saulius Juodkazis

The desire to image specimens in liquids has led to the development of open-cell and closed-cell techniques in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The closed-cell approach is currently more common in TEM and has yielded new insights…

应用物理 · 物理学 2023-08-22 Barnaby D. A. Levin , Diane Haiber , Qianlang Liu , Peter A. Crozier

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a century-old technique, is today a ubiquitous method of imaging the surface of nanostructures. However, most SEM detectors simply count the number of secondary electrons from a material of interest, and…

*To be published in Springer Handbook of Surface Science (Springer Verlag) [Preprint]* The capability to display images containing chemical, magnetic and structural information and to perform spectroscopy and diffraction from a {\mu}m-sized…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2018-12-06 Alessandro Sala

Microscopy has been key to tremendous advances in science, technology, and medicine, revealing structure and dynamics across time and length scales. However, combining high spatial and temporal resolution in a non-invasive, label-free…

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in diverse applications ranging from microelectronics to food processing because it provides large depth-of-field images with a resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit. However,…

The dynamics of photo-excited charge carriers, particularly their transport and interactions with defects and interfaces, play an essential role in determining the performance of a wide range of solar and optoelectronic devices. A thorough…

材料科学 · 物理学 2017-08-07 Bolin Liao , Ebrahim Najafi

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely utilized in the field of materials science due to its significant advantages, such as large depth of field, wide field of view, and excellent stereoscopic imaging. However, at high…

Atomically thin layers of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, MoS2 and h-BN have immense potential as sensors and electronic devices thanks to their highly desirable electronic, mechanical, optical and heat transport…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2015-09-03 Nicholas D. Kay , Peter D. Tovee , Benjamin J. Robinson , Konstantin S. Novoselov , Oleg V. Kolosov

Graphene-based membranes have been investigated as promising candidates for water filtration and gas separation applications. Experimental evidences have shown that graphene oxide can be impermeable to liquids, vapors and gases, while…

Electron transport in nanoscale devices can often result in nontrivial spatial patterns of voltage and current that reflect a variety of physical phenomena, particularly in nonlocal transport regimes. While numerous techniques have been…

High surface area graphene sheets were obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in an acid media under constant potential conditions. Filtration and centrifugation processes played an important role in order to obtain stable…

材料科学 · 物理学 2016-06-22 M. Hurtado-Morales , M. Ortiz , C. Acuna , H. C. Nerl , V. Nicolosi , Y. Hernandez

Understanding and manipulating two-dimensional materials for real-world applications remains challenging due to a lack of effective and high-throughput characterization techniques. Soft X-ray time-of-flight photoemission electron microscopy…

材料科学 · 物理学 2025-12-22 Aashwin Mishra , Daniel Ratner , Quynh Nguyen