相关论文: Faster-is-slower effect in escaping ants revisited…

Models for the behavior of ants and pedestrians are studied in an unified way in this paper. Each ant follows pheromone put by preceding ants, hence creating a trail on the ground, while pedestrians also try to follow others in a crowd for…

The motion of social insects is often used a paradigmatic example of complex adaptive dynamics arising from decentralized individual behavior. In this paper we revisit the topic of the ruling laws behind burst of activity in ants. The…

We report experimental results on unidirectional traffic-like collective movement of ants on trails. Our work is primarily motivated by fundamental questions on the collective spatio-temporal organization in systems of interacting motile…

Collective escaping is a ubiquitous phenomenon in animal groups. Symmetry breaking caused by panic escape exhibits a shared feature across species that one exit is used more than the other when agents escaping from a closed space with two…

The "faster is slower" effect raises when crowded people push each other to escape through an exit during an emergency situation. As individuals push harder, a statistical slowing down in the evacuation time can be achieved. The slowing…

Colonies of ants are systems of interacting living organisms in which interactions between individuals and their environment can produce a reliable performance of a complex tasks without the need for centralised control. Particularly…

This research explores the dynamics of emergency evacuations in the presence of social groups. The investigation was carried out in the context of the basic Social Force Model (SFM). We included attractive feelings between people belonging…

The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [Helbing D, Farkas I J, Vicsek T, Nature 407:487-490 (2000)]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain…

We present a model of ant traffic considering individual ants as self-propelled particles undergoing single file motion on a one-dimensional trail. Recent experiments on unidirectional ant traffic in well-formed natural trails showed that…

Efficient transportation, a hot topic in nonlinear science, is essential for modern societies and the survival of biological species. Biological evolution has generated a rich variety of successful solutions, which have inspired engineers…

Collective motion by animal groups is affected by internal interactions, external constraints and the influx of information. A quantitative understanding of how these different factors give rise to different modes of collective motion is,…

A recently proposed stochastic cellular automaton model ({\it J. Phys. A 35, L573 (2002)}), motivated by the motions of ants in a trail, is investigated in detail in this paper. The flux of ants in this model is sensitive to the probability…

Many species of ants forage by building up two files: an outbound one moving from the nest to the foraging area, and a nestbound one, returning from it to the nest. Those files are eventually submitted to different threats. If the danger is…

Motivated by recent experimental work of Burd et al., we propose a model of bi-directional ant-traffic on pre-existing ant-trails. It captures in a simple way some of the generic collective features of movements of real ants on a trail.…

An evacuation process is simulated within the Social Force Model. Thousand pedestrians are leaving a room by one exit. We investigate the stationarity of the distribution of time lags between instants when two successive pedestrians cross…

Locomotion emerges from effective interactions of an individual with its environment. Principles of biological terrestrial locomotion have been discovered on unconfined vertical and horizontal substrates. However a diversity of organisms…

Generically, in models of driven interacting particles the average speed of the particles decreases monotonically with increasing density. We propose a counter-example, motivated by the motion of ants in a trail, where the average speed of…

In recent experiments by Richardson et al. ((2010), PLoS ONE 5(3): e9621. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0009621) ant motion out of the nest is shown to be a non-stationary process intriguingly similar to the dynamics encountered in…

Local interactions, when individuals meet, can regulate collective behavior. In a system without any central control, the rate of interaction may depend simply on how the individuals move around. But interactions could in turn influence…

Many ant species employ distributed population density estimation in applications ranging from quorum sensing [Pra05], to task allocation [Gor99], to appraisal of enemy colony strength [Ada90]. It has been shown that ants estimate density…