相关论文: Requirements for Ion Sources
The energy distribution of an ultracold rubidium ion beam, which is intended to be used as the source for a focused ion beam instrument, is measured with a retarding field analyzer. The ions are created from a laser-cooled and compressed…
Light Ion Beams are providing an efficient system for high energy applications using confinement reaction (ICF). This paper will demonstrate the mathematical properties of ion beams leaving ICF reactors and hitting a solid target. A single…
A new methodology for fundamental studies of radiation effects in solids is herein introduced by using a plasma Focused Ion Beam (PFIB). The classical example of ion-induced amorphization of single-crystalline pure Si is used as a…
We report on a successful test of a new method for intense ion beam formation using an extraction with inhomogeneous electric field. Its key feature is a special shape of the extraction electrodes providing a higher rate of ion…
Electronic many-body effects alone can be the driving force for an ultrafast migration of a positive charge created upon ionization of molecular systems. Here we show that this purely electronic phenomenon generates a characteristic IR…
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the…
Astrospheres and wind bubbles of massive stars are believed to be sources of cosmic rays with energies $E\lesssim 1\,$TeV. These particles are not directly detectable, but their impact on surrounding matter, in particular ionisation of…
The generation of compact, high-energy ion beams is one of the most promising applications of intense laser-matter interactions, but the control of the beam spectral quality remains an outstanding challenge. We show that in radiation…
We propose a microscopic, first-principles description of the ionic conduction in crystals. This formalism allows us to gain new insights into the ideal characteristics of general ionic conducting materials and, in particular, solid…
Ion Coulomb crystals are ordered structures formed by laser-cooled ions in traps that are characterized by interparticle distances of several micrometers and energy scales on the order of $\mu$eV. Their crystalline structure emerges from…
Atomic ions trapped in ultra-high vacuum form an especially well-understood and useful physical system for quantum information processing. They provide excellent shielding of quantum information from environmental noise, while strong,…
Cosmic rays represent one of the most fascinating research themes in modern astronomy and physics. After almost a century since their discovery, a huge amount of scientific literature has been written on this topic and it is not always easy…
The production of nanopatterns on the surfaces of targets irradiated by ion beams at low and intermediate energies has developed during the present decade to a salient degree of control over the main pattern features. However, there is…
Ion channels are proteins with holes down their middle that control the flow of ions and electric current across otherwise impermeable biological membranes. The flow of sodium, potassium, calcium (divalent), and chloride ions have been…
We have investigated the all-optical generation of ions by photo-ionisation of atoms generated by pulsed laser ablation. A direct comparison between a resistively heated oven source and pulsed laser ablation is reported. Pulsed laser…
Explainable components in XAI algorithms often come from a familiar set of models, such as linear models or decision trees. We formulate an approach where the type of explanation produced is guided by a specification. Specifications are…
It is shown how high energy neutrino beams from very distant sources can be utilized to learn about many properties of neutrinos such as lifetimes, mass hierarchy, mixing, minuscule pseudo-Dirac mass splittings; in addition, the production…
Electric-field noise near surfaces is a common problem in diverse areas of physics, and a limiting factor for many precision measurements. There are multiple mechanisms by which such noise is generated, many of which are poorly understood.…
Producing a dense background plasma for neutralization purposes is experimentally difficult and requires a large amount of energy. We show that even an underdense background plasma with a small relative density can achieve high…
Galactic cosmic rays reach energies of at least several PeV, and their interactions should generate $\gamma$-rays and neutrinos from decay of secondary pions. Therefore, Galactic sources have a guaranteed contribution to the total…