相关论文: It's distributions all the way down!: Second order…
Consider two forms of sampling from a population: (i) drawing $s$ samples of $n$ elements with replacement and (ii) drawing a single sample of $ns$ elements. In this paper, under the setting where the descending order population frequency…
This manuscript investigates the stochastic comparisons of the second-order statistics from dependent and heterogeneous general semi-parametric family of distributions observations. Some sufficient conditions on the usual stochastic order…
In this study an attempt has been made to propose a way to develop new distribution. For this purpose, we need only idea about distribution function. Some important statistical properties of the new distribution like moments, cumulants,…
Psychology is a discipline standing at the crossroads of hard and social sciences. Therefore it is especially interesting to study bibliometric characteristics of psychology journals. We also take two adjacent disciplines, neurosciences and…
Many researchers have identified distribution shift as a likely contributor to the reproducibility crisis in behavioral and biomedical sciences. The idea is that if treatment effects vary across individual characteristics and experimental…
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in the creation of online content, creating feedback loops as subsequent generations of models will be trained on this synthetic data. Such loops were shown to lead to distribution shifts -…
Media plays an important role in shaping public opinion. Biased media can influence people in undesirable directions and hence should be unmasked as such. We observe that featurebased and neural text classification approaches which rely…
Organisms and algorithms learn probability distributions from previous observations, either over evolutionary time or on the fly. In the absence of regularities, estimating the underlying distribution from data would require observing each…
Several probability distributions have been proposed in the literature, especially with the aim of obtaining models that are more flexible relative to the behaviors of the density and hazard rate functions. Recently, a new generalization of…
We study the statistical underpinnings of life. We question some common assumptions about the thermodynamics of life and illustrate how, contrary to widespread belief, even in a closed system entropy growth can accompany an increase in…
Cognitive biases are widespread in humans and animals alike, and can sometimes be reinforced by social interactions. One prime bias in judgment and decision-making is the human tendency to underestimate large quantities. Previous research…
Observational data about human behavior is often heterogeneous, i.e., generated by subgroups within the population under study that vary in size and behavior. Heterogeneity predisposes analysis to Simpson's paradox, whereby the trends…
Rank-ordering statistics provides a perspective on the rare, largest elements of a population, whereas the statistics of cumulative distributions are dominated by the more numerous small events. The exponent of a power law distribution can…
Many existing approaches for estimating parameters in settings with distributional shifts operate under an invariance assumption. For example, under covariate shift, it is assumed that $p(y|x)$ remains invariant. We refer to such…
In every finite mixture of different normal distributions, there will always be exactly one of those distributions that not only is over-represented in the right tail of the mixture, but even completely overwhelms all other subpopulations…
Heavy-tailed phenomena appear across diverse domains --from wealth and firm sizes in economics to network traffic, biological systems, and physical processes-- characterized by the disproportionate influence of extreme values. These…
What do binary (or probabilistic) forecasting abilities have to do with overall performance? We map the difference between (univariate) binary predictions, bets and "beliefs" (expressed as a specific "event" will happen/will not happen) and…
Consider a probability distribution subordinate to a subexponential distribution with finite mean. In this paper, we discuss the second order tail behavior of the subordinated distribution within a rather general framework in which we do…
A class of probability distributions is characterized via equalities in law between two order statistics shifted by independent exponential variables. An explicit formula for the quintile function of the identified family of distributions…
How should social scientists understand and communicate the uncertainty of statistically estimated causal effects? I propose we utilize the posterior distribution of a causal effect and present the probability of the effect being greater…