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Higher-order QED effects play an important role in precision measurements of nucleon elastic form factors in electron scattering. Here we introduce a two-photon exchange QED correction to the parity-violating polarization asymmetry of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Andrei V. Afanasev , Carl E. Carlson

We present a review of the conceptual basis, present knowledge and recent progress in the field of global analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs). After introducing the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-01-26 M. Klasen , H. Paukkunen

We analyse in detail the QED corrections to the total decay width and the moments of the electron energy spectrum of the inclusive semi-leptonic $B \to X_c e \nu$ decay. Our calculation includes short-distance electroweak corrections, the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-02-04 Dante Bigi , Marzia Bordone , Paolo Gambino , Ulrich Haisch , Andrea Piccione

A global QCD analysis of the direct photon production process from both fixed target and collider experiments is presented. These data sets now completely cover the parton $x$ range from 0.01 to 0.6, thereby providing a stringent test of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2014-11-17 J. Huston , E. Kovacs , S. Kuhlmann , H. L. Lai , J. F. Owens , W. K. Tung

The detailed comprehension of momentum fraction and energy dependence of proton structure functions is among the major difficulties in high-energy physics. Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plays as an extensive foundation for…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-09-25 Akbari Jahan , Diptimonta Neog

Recent high precision experimental data from a variety of hadronic processes opens new opportunities for determination of the collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton. In fact, the wealth of information from experiments…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2018-08-24 Bo-Ting Wang , T. J. Hobbs , Sean Doyle , Jun Gao , Tie-Jiun Hou , Pavel M. Nadolsky , Fredrick I. Olness

Double parton distribution functions (dPDFs), measurable in hadron-hadron collisions and encoding information on how partons inside a proton are correlated among each other, could represent a new tool to explore the three dimensional…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-04-03 Matteo Rinaldi , Sergio Scopetta , Vicente Vento , Marco Traini , Federico Alberto Ceccopieri

Quantum electrodynamics and electroweak corrections are important ingredients for many theoretical predictions at the LHC. This paper documents APFEL, a new PDF evolution package that allows for the first time to perform DGLAP evolution up…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Valerio Bertone , Stefano Carrazza , Juan Rojo

We calculate the leading-order QED radiative corrections to the process $e^- p\rightarrow e^- p l^- l^+ $ in the soft-photon approximation, in two different energy regimes which are of relevance to extract nucleon structure information. In…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-11-10 Matthias Heller , Niklas Keil , Marc Vanderhaeghen

Transverse and longitudinal electroweak gauge boson parton distribution functions (PDFs) are computed in terms of deep-inelastic scattering structure functions, following the recently developed method to determine the photon PDF. The…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2018-05-18 Bartosz Fornal , Aneesh V. Manohar , Wouter J. Waalewijn

We compute the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the unpolarised muon for the leptons, the photon, the light quarks, and the gluon. We discuss in detail the issues stemming from the necessity of evaluating the strong coupling constant…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2023-12-14 Stefano Frixione , Giovanni Stagnitto

We report on an analysis of the impact of available experimental data on hard processes in proton-lead collisions during Run I at the Large Hadron Collider on nuclear modifications of parton distribution functions. Our analysis is…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-05-25 Néstor Armesto , Hannu Paukkunen , José Manuel Penín , Carlos A. Salgado , Pía Zurita

We calculate the electron structure functions, aka parton distribution functions (PDFs), to NNLO in QED. The calculation is based on the definition of the PDFs in terms of operator matrix elements in soft collinear effective theory (SCET)…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-12-01 Maximilian Stahlhofen

We discuss the effect of the Photon Initiated (PI) process on the dilepton channel at the LHC. Adopting various QED PDF sets, we evaluate the contribution produced by two resolved photons which is not included in the Equivalent Photon…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-09-27 Elena Accomando , Juri Fiaschi , Francesco Hautmann , Stefano Moretti , Claire Shepherd-Themistocleous

We present the new parton distribution functions (PDFs) from the CTEQ-TEA collaboration, obtained using a wide variety of high-precision Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data, in addition to the combined HERA I+II deep-inelastic scattering data…

The impact of isolated-photon data from proton-(anti)proton collisions at RHIC, SppbarS, Tevatron and LHC energies, on the parton distribution functions of the proton is studied using a recently developed Bayesian reweighting method. The…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2012-03-23 David d'Enterria , Juan Rojo

We discuss the combined effect of QED and QCD corrections to the evolution of parton distributions. We extend the available knowledge of the Altarelli-Parisi splitting functions to one order higher in QED, and provide explicit expressions…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-11-15 Daniel de Florian , German F. R. Sborlini , German Rodrigo

Heavy quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) play an important role in several Standard Model and New Physics processes. Most analyses rely on the assumption that the charm and bottom PDFs are generated perturbatively by gluon splitting…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-04-20 Florian Lyonnet

In this work we present for the first time predictions for top-quark pair differential distributions at the LHC at NNLO QCD accuracy and including EW corrections. For the latter we include not only contributions of ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^2…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-11-16 Michal Czakon , David Heymes , Alexander Mitov , Davide Pagani , Ioannis Tsinikos , Marco Zaro

We present LO, NLO and NNLO sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton determined from global analyses of the available hard scattering data. These MMHT2014 PDFs supersede the `MSTW2008' parton sets, but are obtained within…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-06-11 L. A. Harland-Lang , A. D. Martin , P. Motylinski , R. S. Thorne