相关论文: Projected generalized free energies for non-equili…

Many systems, when initially placed far from equilibrium, exhibit surprising behavior in their attempt to equilibrate. Striking examples are the Mpemba effect and the cooling-heating asymmetry. These anomalous behaviors can be exploited to…

We introduce a model of long-range interacting particles evolving under a stochastic Monte Carlo dynamics, in which possible increase or decrease in the values of the dynamical variables is accepted with preassigned probabilities. For…

Theoretical studies of localization, anomalous diffusion and ergodicity breaking require solving the electronic structure of disordered systems. We use free probability to approximate the ensemble- averaged density of states without exact…

We discuss how the thermalization of an elementary quantum system is modified when the system is placed in an environment out of thermal equilibrium. To this aim we provide a detailed investigation of the dynamics of an atomic system placed…

The theory of continuous phase transitions predicts the universal collective properties of a physical system near a critical point, which for instance manifest in characteristic power-law behaviours of physical observables. The…

A master equation describing the evolution of averaged molecular state occupancies in molecular systems where alternation of molecular energy levels is caused by discrete dichotomous and trichotomous stochastic fields, is derived. This…

In the context of an exactly soluble out of equilibrium (quenched) model, we study an extension of the fluctuation-dissipation relation. This involves a modified differential form of this relation, with an effective temperature which may…

A new theory on gas-liquid phase transition is given. The new idea is that the total intermolecular potential energy for a classical system in equilibrium is relative with the average distance of molecules. A new space homogeneity…

Beyond the quantum Markov approximation and the weak coupling limit, we present a general theory to calculate the geometric phase for open systems with and without conserved energy. As an example, the geometric phase for a two-level system…

The evolution of a quasi-isolated finite quantum system from a nonequilibrium initial state is considered. The condition of quasi-isolation allows for the description of the system dynamics on the general basis, without specifying the…

In this work we provide a comprehensive analysis of the activation problem out of equilibrium. We generalize the Arrhenius law for systems driven by non conservative time independent forces, subjected to retarded friction and non-Markovian…

We construct the generalized entropy optimized by a given arbitrary statistical distribution with a finite linear expectation value of a random quantity of interest. This offers, via the maximum entropy principle, a unified basis for a…

A fundamental question in many-body physics is how closed quantum systems reach equilibrium. We address this question experimentally and theoretically in an ultracold large-spin Fermi gas where we find a complex interplay between internal…

We present a method to estimate the probabilities of outcomes of a quantum observable, its mean value, and higher moments by measuring any other observable. This method is general and can be applied to any quantum system. In the case of…

Equilibrium free energy differences are given by exponential averages of nonequilibrium work values; such averages, however, often converge poorly, as they are dominated by rare realizations. I show that there is a simple and intuitively…

We study out-of equilibrium properties of a quantum dot in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas. By means of single electron counting experiments, we measure the distribution of work and dissipated heat of the driven quantum dot and…

The Jarzynski equality (JE), which relates works of non-equilibrium trajectories to the free energy difference of the initial and final states of the non-equilibrium process, provides an efficient way to calculate free energies of systems…

We study the statistics of the dissipated energy in the two-dimensional random fuse model for fracture under different imposed strain conditions. By means of extensive numerical simulations we compare different ways to compute the…

I present empirical measurements of the rate of relaxation in N-body simulations of stable spherical systems and distinguish two separate types of relaxation: energy diffusion that is largely independent of particle mass, and energy…

Quantum scattering is used ubiquitously in both experimental and theoretical physics across a wide range of disciplines, from high-energy physics to mesoscopic physics. In this work, we uncover universal relations for the energy…