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Myopia is a common visual disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and its prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Environmental factors, such as reading time, viewing distance, and ambient lighting, have been identified…

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in people over the age of 60, accounting for 6.6 to 8% of all blindness in 2010, but there is still much to be learned about the genetic origins of the eye disease. With the modern…

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary cause of vision loss among grownup people around the world. In four out of five cases having diabetes for a prolonged period leads to DR. If detected early, more than 90 percent of the new DR…

The eye grows during childhood to position the retina at the correct distance behind the lens to enable focused vision, a process called emmetropization. Animal studies have demonstrated that this growth process is dependent upon visual…

It is acknowledged that the most common cause of dementia worldwide is Alzheimer's disease (AD). This condition progresses in severity from mild to severe and interferes with people's everyday routines. Early diagnosis plays a critical role…

Today, more than 12 million people over the age of 40 suffer from ocular diseases. Most commonly, older patients are susceptible to age related macular degeneration, an eye disease that causes blurring of the central vision due to the…

The evolutionary origins of ageing and age-associated diseases continue to pose a fundamental question in biology. This study is concerned with a recently proposed framework, which conceptualises development and ageing as a continuous…

Between 1 to 5 out of 100 people worldwide has never experienced normotypic vision due to a condition called amblyopia, and about 1 out of 4000 suffer from inherited retinal dystrophies that progressively lead them to blindness. While a…

Myopia in human and animals is caused by the axial elongation of the eye and is closely linked to the thinning of the sclera which supports the eye tissue. This thinning has been correlated with the overproduction of matrix…

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in older adults, severely affecting vision and quality of life. Despite advances in understanding AMD, the molecular factors driving the severity of subretinal scarring…

The majority of common diseases are influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors such as Cancer. Even though uncovering the main causes of disease is deemed difficult due to the complexity of gene-gene and gene-environment…

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), one of the leading causes of vision loss and blindness globally, is a progressive retinal disease involving the degradation of photoreceptors (7) and/or retinal pigment epithelial cells (14). Affecting…

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) are the major causes of vision loss in developed countries. Alteration of retinal layer structure and appearance of exudate are the most significant signs of these…

Myopic macular degeneration is the most common complication of myopia and the primary cause of vision loss in individuals with pathological myopia. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial in preventing vision impairment due to…

This research aims to develop an efficient system for screening of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the major cause of blindness. Severity of diabetic retinopathy is recognized by some features, such as blood vessel area,…

The identification and validation of gene-gene interactions is a major challenge in human studies. Here, we explore an approach for studying epistasis in humans using a Drosophila melanogaster model of neonatal diabetes mellitus. Expression…

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the most familiar diseases and is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. Initially, diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms or only mild vision problems. Eventually, it can cause blindness. So early…

Cataract is one of the most prevalent protein aggregation disorders and still the biggest cause of vision loss worldwide. The human lens, in its core region, lacks turnover of any cells or cellular components; it has therefore evolved…

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease. The aim of this study is to infer structural changes in brain connectivity resulting from disease progression using cortical thickness measurements from a cohort of…

Background: Quantitative prediction of the adolescents' spherical equivalent based on their variable-length historical vision records. Methods: From October 2019 to March 2022, we examined binocular uncorrected visual acuity, axial length,…