相关论文: Vacancy theory of melting

The raise of the symmetry breaking mechanism by Landau[1] is a landmark in the studies of phase transitions. The Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition[2-3] and the fractional quantum Hall effect[4], however, are believed to be induced by…

Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally…

In this work, the spallation processes in the ductile metals are systematically discussed in theory. By employing the phase transition theory and non-equilibrium transport theory, the spallation processes of ductile metals under dynamic…

In a generalized framework for the Landauer erasure protocol, we study bounds on the heat dissipated in typical nonequilibrium quantum processes. In contrast to thermodynamic processes, quantum fluctuations are not suppressed in the…

In quantum theory the vacuum is defined as a state of minimum energy that is devoid of particles but still not completely empty. It is perhaps more surprising that its definition depends on the geometry of the system and on the trajectory…

The Modified Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem (MFDT) proposed by G. Verley et al. {\it (EPL 93, 10002, (2011))} for non equilibrium transient states is experimentally studied. We apply MFDT to the transient relaxation dynamics of the…

A semiclassical linear response theory based on the Vlasov equation is reviewed. The approach discussed here differs from the classical one of Vlasov and Landau for the fact that the finite size of the system is explicitly taken into…

One of the major open problems in theoretical physics is a consistent quantum gravity theory.Recent developments in thermodynamic phase transitions ofblack holes and their van der Waals-like behavior may provide an interesting quantum…

Landau's theory of phase transitions is adapted to treat independently relaxing regions in complex systems using nanothermodynamics. The order parameter we use governs the thermal fluctuations, not a specific static structure. We find that…

We uncover a finite-time dynamical phase transition in the thermal relaxation of a mean-field magnetic model. The phase transition manifests itself as a cusp singularity in the probability distribution of the magnetisation that forms at a…

In this study, we present theoretical investigations of phase transitions and critical phenomena in materials through the lens of second-order Ginzburg-Landau theory, in conjunction with considerations of symmetry groups and thermal…

Density functional perturbation theory is a well-established method to study responses of molecules and solids, especially responses to atomic displacements or to different perturbing fields (electric, magnetic). Like for density functional…

The thermodynamic model of visco-elastic deformable magnetic materials at finite strains is formulated in a fully Eulerian way in rates with the aim to describe thermoremanent paleomagnetism in crustal rocks. The Landau theory applied to a…

The dependency of the melting point of supported metal nanoclusters as function of clusters height is theoretically investigated in the framework of the uniform approach. The vacancy mechanism describing the melting point shift in…

We develop non-equilibrium theory by using averages in time and space as a generalized way to upscale thermodynamics in non-ergodic systems. The approach offers a classical perspective on the energy dynamics in fluctuating systems. The rate…

The melting of elemental solids is modelled as a dislocation-mediated transition on a lattice. Statistical mechanics of linear defects is used to obtain a new relation between melting temperature, crystal structure, atomic volume, and shear…

Based on Stillinger's version of cell cluster theory, we derive an expression for the equilibrium concentration of thermal monovacancies in solids which allows for a transparent interpretation of the vacancy volume and the…

Of indisputable relevance for non-equilibrium thermodynamics, fluctuations theorems have been generalized to the framework of quantum thermodynamics, with the notion of work playing a key role in such contexts. The typical approach consists…

We comment on zero- and low-temperature structural phase transitions, expecting that these comments might be relevant not only for this structural case. We first consider a textbook model whose classical version is the only model for which…

A single mechanism, endemic to the standard model of physics, is proposed to explain wavefunction collapse, classical motion, dissipation, equilibration, and the transition from pure quantum mechanics through open system decoherence to the…