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The Kepler light curves used to detect thousands of planetary candidates are susceptible to dilution due to blending with previously unknown nearby stars. With the automated laser adaptive optics instrument, Robo-AO, we have observed 620…

$Kepler$ revealed that roughly one-third of Sun-like stars host planets orbiting within 100 days and between the size of Earth and Neptune. How do these planets form, what are they made of, and do they represent a continuous population or…

Although resonant planets have orbital periods near commensurability, resonance is also dictated by other factors, such as the planets' eccentricities and masses, and therefore must be confirmed through a study of the system's dynamics.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-19 Tyler Quinn , Mariah MacDonald

Aims. To date, more than 600 multi-planetary systems have been discovered. Due to the limitations of the detection methods, our knowledge of the systems is usually far from complete. In particular, for planetary systems discovered with the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-06-19 Mara Volpi , Arnaud Roisin , Anne-Sophie Libert

The Kepler Mission is exploring the diversity of planets and planetary systems. Its legacy will be a catalog of discoveries sufficient for computing planet occurrence rates as a function of size, orbital period, star-type, and insolation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-09-08 Natalie M. Batalha

Context: How planet properties depend on stellar mass is a key diagnostic of planetary formation mechanisms. Aims: This motivates planet searches around stars which are significantly more massive or less massive than the Sun, and in…

We address the claim of Weiss et al. (2018) that the radii of adjacent planets in Kepler multi-planet systems are correlated. We explore two simple toy models---in the first the radii of the planets are chosen at random from a single…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-09-09 Lena Murchikova , Scott Tremaine

Trends in the planet population with host star mass provide an avenue to constrain planet formation theories. We derive the planet radius distribution function for Kepler stars of different spectral types, sampling a range in host star…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-12-02 Gijs D. Mulders , Ilaria Pascucci , Daniel Apai

One of the fundamental questions in astronomy is how planetary systems form and evolve. Measuring the planetary occurrence and architecture as a function of time directly addresses this question. In the fourth paper of the Planets Across…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-01 Jia-Yi Yang , Di-Chang Chen , Ji-Wei Xie , Ji-Lin Zhou , Subo Dong , Zi Zhu , Zheng Zheng , Chao Liu , Weikai Zong , Ali Luo

Recent work has shown that the planets in the $Kepler$ Mission's population of multi-transiting systems show surprising uniformity in both mass and radius. In this brief note, I show that this intra-system mass uniformity extends to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-20 Songhu Wang

We carry out an independent search of Kepler photometry for small transiting planets with sizes 0.5--8.0 times that of Earth and orbital periods between 5 and 50 days, with the goal of measuring the fraction of stars harboring such planets.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Erik A. Petigura , Geoffrey W. Marcy , Andrew W. Howard

Multiple planets undergoing disk migration may be captured into a chain of mean-motion resonances with the innermost planet parked near the disk's inner edge. Subsequent dynamical evolution may disrupt these resonances, leading to the…

A large proportion of transiting planetary systems appear to possess only a single planet as opposed to multiple transiting planets. This excess of singles is indicative of significant mutual inclinations existing within a large number of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-09 Kathleen Schultz , Christopher Spalding , Konstantin Batygin

During its 5 year mission, the Kepler spacecraft has uncovered a diverse population of planetary systems with orbital configurations ranging from single-transiting planets to systems of multiple planets co-transiting the parent star. By…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-10-12 Christopher Spalding , Konstantin Batygin

A systematic, population-level discrepancy exists between the densities of exoplanets whose masses have been measured with transit timing variations (TTVs) versus those measured with radial velocities (RVs). Since the TTV planets are…

Recently, a number of planets orbiting binary stars have been discovered by the Kepler space telescope. In a few systems the planets reside close to the dynamical stability limit. Due to the difficulty of forming planets in such close…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-18 Wilhelm Kley , Nader Haghighipour

The Kepler Mission, combined with ground based radial velocity (RV) follow-up and dynamical analyses of transit timing variations, has revolutionized the observational constraints on sub-Neptune-size planet compositions. The results of an…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-03-05 Leslie A. Rogers

The Kepler-36 system consists of two planets that are spaced unusually close together, near the 7:6 mean motion resonance. While it is known that mean motion resonances can easily form by convergent migration, Kepler-36 is an extreme case…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Hanno Rein , Willy Kley

The collection of planetary system properties derived from large surveys such as Kepler provides critical constraints on planet formation and evolution. These constraints can only be applied to planet formation models, however, if the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Gijs D. Mulders , Christoph Mordasini , Ilaria Pascucci , Fred J. Ciesla , Alexandre Emsenhuber , Daniel Apai

Recent ground and space-based observations show that stars with multiple planets are common in the galaxy. Most of these observational methods are biased toward detecting large planets near to their host stars. Because of these…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-29 Thea Faridani , Smadar Naoz , Lingfeng Wei , Will M. Farr