相关论文: Local energy: a basis for local electronegativity …

This article considers the quasi-local energy in reference to a general static spacetime. We follow the approach developed by the authors in [19, 20, 7, 9] and define the quasi-local energy as a difference of surface Hamiltonians, which are…

We consider a one--particle bound quantum mechanical system governed by a Schr\"odinger operator $\mathscr{H} = -\Delta + v\,f(r)$, where $f(r)$ is an attractive central potential, and $v>0$ is a coupling parameter. If $\phi \in…

Local versions of measurability have been around for a long time. Roughly, one splits the notion of $\mu $-completeness into pieces, and asks for a uniform ultrafilter over $\mu $ satisfying just some piece of $\mu $-completeness. Analogue…

A key test for any quasi-local energy in general relativity is that it be nonnegative and satisfy a rigidity property; if it vanishes, the region enclosed is flat. We show that the Hawking energy, when evaluated on its natural…

I review some recent results showing that the physics of negative energy densities, as predicted by relativistic quantum field theories, is more complicated than has generally been appreciated. On the one hand, in external potentials where…

Non-local observables play an important role in quantum theory, from Bell inequalities and various post-selection paradoxes to quantum error correction codes. Instantaneous measurement of these observables is known to be a difficult…

Density-dependent potentials are frequently used in materials simulations due to their approximate description of many-body effects at minimal computational cost. However, in order to apply such models to multi-component systems, an…

We report an ab initio evaluation of the surface energy of a simple metal, performed via a coupling-constant integration over the dynamical density-response function. The rapid rate of change of the electron density at the surface is…

Although continuous symmetry theory has attracted increasing attention in modern chemistry, local symmetry remains under-investigated. As a consequence, the relationship between symmetry and chemical behavior is often obscured, limiting the…

By shifting the reference system for the local-density approximation (LDA) from the electron gas to other model systems one obtains a new class of density functionals, which by design account for the correlations present in the chosen…

'Locality' is a fraught word, even within the restricted context of Bell's theorem. As one of us has argued elsewhere, that is partly because Bell himself used the word with different meanings at different stages in his career. The…

A dynamically preferred quasi-local definition of gravitational energy is given in terms of the Hamiltonian of a `2+2' formulation of general relativity. The energy is well-defined for any compact orientable spatial 2-surface, and depends…

We consider the spatially inhomogeneous non-cutoff Boltzmann equation with hard potentials in the non-perturbative setting. For initial data with polynomial decay in the velocity variable, we establish the local-in-time existence and…

We introduce the concept of self-energy dispersion as an error bound on local theories and apply it to the two-dimensional Hubbard model on the square lattice at half-filling. Since the self-energy has no single-particle analog and is not…

The specification of energy for gravitating systems has been an unsettled issue since Einstein proposed his pseudotensor. It is now understood that energy-momentum is \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed 2-surface). Here we consider…

In this work we solve thermo-hydrodynamical equations considering a two dimensional electron system in the integer quantum Hall regime, to calculate the spatial distribution of the local electron temperature. We start from the…

We propose and investigate a procedure to measure, at least in principle, a positive quantum version of the local kinetic energy density. This procedure is based, under certain idealized limits, on the detection rate of photons emitted by…

Probes that measure the local thermal properties of systems out of equilibrium are emerging as new tools in the study of nanoscale systems. One can then measure the temperature of a probe that is weakly coupled to a bias-driven system. By…

A number of successful theoretical models of hardness have been developed recently. A thermodynamic model of hardness, which supposes the intrinsic character of correlation between hardness and thermodynamic properties of solids, allows one…

A local moment approach is developed for the single-particle excitations of a symmetric Anderson impurity model (AIM), with a soft-gap hybridization vanishing at the Fermi level with a power law r > 0. Local moments are introduced…