相关论文: Strongly Intensive Quantities
Large density fluctuations of conserved charges have been proposed as a promising signature for exploring the QCD critical point in heavy-ion collisions. These fluctuations are expected to exhibit a fractal or scale-invariant behavior,…
We have analyzed the validity of uncertainty relations between the fluctuations of thermodynamically conjugated extensive and intensive variables within the field of statistical mechanics. Analysis is presented for two particular examples…
We calculate the time evolution of fluctuations for rare particles such as e.g. kaons in 1 AGeV or charmonium in 200 AGeV heavy ion collisions. We find that these fluctuations are a very sensitive probe of the degree of chemical…
We study the effect of enforcing exact conservation of charges in statistical models of particle production for systems as large as those relevant to relativistic heavy ion collisions. By using a numerical method developed for small…
The fluctuations in the ideal quantum gases are studied using the strongly intensive measures $\Delta[A,B]$ and $\Sigma[A,B]$ defined in terms of two extensive quantities $A$ and $B$. In the present paper, these extensive quantities are…
Theoretical and experimental studies of hot and/or dense matter, such as is created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, and encountered in compact objects in astrophysics, constitute one of the most active frontiers in nuclear physics. In…
The flow of frictionless granular particles is studied with stress-controlled discrete element modeling simulations for systems varying in size from 300 to 100,000 particles. The volume fraction and shear stress ratio $\mu$ are relatively…
Since their discovery, fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions have been understood as originating mostly from the random positions of nucleons within the colliding nuclei. We consider an alternative approach where all the…
Multiplicity fluctuations of positively, negatively and all charged hadrons in the forward hemisphere were studied in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A and 158A GeV. The multiplicity distributions and their scaled variances are…
It is argued considering multiple production in the deep inelastic scattering kinematics that the very high multiplicity events are extremely sensitive to the low-x partons density.
We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…
We explain how fluctuations of ratios can constrain and falsify the statistical model of particle production in heavy ion collisions, using $K/\pi$ fluctuations as an example. We define an observable capable of determining which statistical…
We propose to characterize heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies by using fluctuations of energy density and temperature. Temperature fluctuations on an event-by-event basis have been studied both in terms of global…
Quantum forces are long-range interactions originating from vacuum fluctuations of mediator fields. Such forces inevitably arise between ordinary matter particles whenever they couple to light mediator species. Conventional computations of…
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, properties of the initial state and effects arising during evolution of the medium, such as a transition between the hadronic and partonic phases, should reflect themselves in event-by-event…
It has been demonstrated that factorial moments analysis in dependence from the size of phase-space cells (when the latter is decreased but is still considerably large), exhibits sensitivity to particle bunching within a system situated in…
First-principles calculations of multi-hadron dynamics are a crucial goal in lattice QCD. Significant progress has been achieved in developing, implementing, and applying theoretical tools that connect finite-volume quantities to their…
We compute analytically the multi-particle eccentricities, \epsilon_m {2n}, for systems dominated by fluctuations, such as proton-nucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. In particular, we derive a general relation for…
The present article reviews facts and problems concerning charge hadron production in high energy collisions. Main emphasis is laid on the qualitative and quantitative description of general characteristics and properties observed for…
We explain how event-by-event fluctuations of particle ratios can constrain and falsify the statistical model of particle production in heavy ion collisions, using $K/\pi$ fluctuations as an example. We define an observable capable of…