相关论文: Analysis, Interpretation, and Recognition of Facia…

Facial Action Coding System consists of 44 action units (AUs) and more than 7000 combinations. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) classifier has been used successfully to recognize facial action units (AUs) and expressions due to its ability to…

Facial Action Units (AUs) represent a set of facial muscular activities and various combinations of AUs can represent a wide range of emotions. AU recognition is often used in many applications, including marketing, healthcare, education,…

Facial expressions are combinations of basic components called Action Units (AU). Recognizing AUs is key for developing general facial expression analysis. In recent years, most efforts in automatic AU recognition have been dedicated to…

Detecting facial action units (AU) is one of the fundamental steps in automatic recognition of facial expression of emotions and cognitive states. Though there have been a variety of approaches proposed for this task, most of these models…

As a fine-grained and local expression behavior measurement, facial action unit (FAU) analysis (e.g., detection and intensity estimation) has been documented for its time-consuming, labor-intensive, and error-prone annotation. Thus a…

Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition(DFER) is a rapidly evolving field of research that focuses on the recognition of time-series facial expressions. While previous research on DFER has concentrated on feature learning from a deep learning…

Facial expression recognition (FER) has emerged as a promising approach to the development of emotion-aware intelligent agents and systems. However, key challenges remain in utilizing FER in real-world contexts, including ensuring user…

Facial action units (AUs) are essential to decode human facial expressions. Researchers have focused on training AU detectors with a variety of features and classifiers. However, several issues remain. These are spatial representation,…

The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) has been used by numerous studies to investigate the links between facial behavior and mental health. The laborious and costly process of FACS coding has motivated the development of machine learning…

Facial action unit (FAU) intensities are popular descriptors for the analysis of facial behavior. However, FAUs are sparsely represented when only a few are activated at a time. In this study, we explore the possibility of representing the…

Expressions and facial action units (AUs) are two levels of facial behavior descriptors. Expression auxiliary information has been widely used to improve the AU detection performance. However, most existing expression representations can…

Facial action units (AUs), as defined in the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), have received significant research interest owing to their diverse range of applications in facial state analysis. Current mainstream FAU recognition models…

It is challenging to recognize facial action unit (AU) from spontaneous facial displays, especially when they are accompanied by speech. The major reason is that the information is extracted from a single source, i.e., the visual channel,…

Although state-of-the-art classifiers for facial expression recognition (FER) can achieve a high level of accuracy, they lack interpretability, an important feature for end-users. Experts typically associate spatial action units (AUs) from…

This paper describes an approach to the facial action units detections. The involved action units (AU) include AU1 (Inner Brow Raiser), AU2 (Outer Brow Raiser), AU4 (Brow Lowerer), AU6 (Cheek Raise), AU12 (Lip Corner Puller), AU15 (Lip…

This paper presents a subject-independent facial action unit (AU) detection method by introducing the concept of relative AU detection, for scenarios where the neutral face is not provided. We propose a new classification objective function…

In this paper a novel efficient method for representation of facial action units by encoding an image sequence as a fourth-order tensor is presented. The multilinear tensor-based extension of the biased discriminant analysis (BDA)…

Most state-of-the-art approaches for Facial Action Unit (AU) detection rely upon evaluating facial expressions from static frames, encoding a snapshot of heightened facial activity. In real-world interactions, however, facial expressions…

Human facial action units (AUs) are mutually related in a hierarchical manner, as not only they are associated with each other in both spatial and temporal domains but also AUs located in the same/close facial regions show stronger…

Recognizing human emotion/expressions automatically is quite an expected ability for intelligent robotics, as it can promote better communication and cooperation with humans. Current deep-learning-based algorithms may achieve impressive…