相关论文: Systems with Symmetry Breaking and Restoration

There exist inherent mechanisms of spontaneous breaking of local mirror symmetry (parity) in fluid turbulence. A good example is Kerr's mechanism based on the inviscid vortex interactions. Such interactions can result in the appearance of…

An SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two doublets of complex scalar fields is considered. All continuous symmetries are identified and, using the nonperturbative methods of lattice field theory, the phase diagram is mapped out by direct…

Kinematical and dynamical mechanisms leading to the spontaneous breaking of space-time symmetries are described. The symmetries affected are space and time translations, space rotations, scale and conformal transformations. Applications are…

We develop an alternative approach to this field, which was to a large extent developed by Verbeure et al. It is meant to complement their approach, which is largely based on a non-commutative central limit theorem and coordinate space…

The nonequilibrium effective potential is computed for the Frank model of spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking (SMSB) in chemistry in which external noise is introduced to account for random environmental effects. When these fluctuations…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is a key concept in physics that for decades has played a crucial role in the description of many physical phenomena in a large number of different areas, like particle physics, cosmology, and…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in statistical mechanics primarily occurs during phase transitions at the thermodynamic limit where the Hamiltonian preserves inversion symmetry, yet the low-temperature free energy exhibits reduced symmetry.…

Decay law of a complicated unstable state formed in a high energy collision is described by the Fourier transform of the two-point correlation function of the scattering matrix. Although each constituent resonance state decays exponentially…

In the last years we have proposed the use of the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking with the purpose of generating perfect quadrature squeezing. Here we review previous work dealing with spatial (translational and rotational)…

We consider a toy model of pointer interacting with a 1/2-spin system, whose $\sigma_{x}$ variable is \emph{measured} by the environment, according to the prescription of decoherence theory. If the environment measuring the variable…

A one-dimensional driven two-species model with parallel sublattice update and open boundaries is considered. Although the microscopic many-body dynamics is symmetric with respect to the two species and interactions are short-ranged, there…

The review considers the peculiarities of symmetry breaking and symmetry transformations and the related physical effects in finite quantum systems. Some types of symmetry in finite systems can be broken only asymptotically. However, with a…

The hyperbolic spin chain is used to elucidate the notion of spontaneous symmetry breaking for a non-amenable internal symmetry group, here SO(1,2). The noncompact symmetry is shown to be spontaneously broken -- something which would be…

In one-dimensional systems, spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) states are fragile by nature, as the injection of a non-zero energy density above the ground state is expected to restore the symmetry. This instability implies that local…

The spectral fluctuations of complex quantum systems, in appropriate limit, are known to be consistent with that obtained from random matrices. However, this relation between the spectral fluctuations of physical systems and random matrices…

We show that the stationary decoherence rate of an open quantum system can be decomposed as a sum of local and nonlocal contributions, respectively related to the strength of the coupling between system and environment, and to the quality…

The existence of a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem observed in simulations and experiments performed in various glassy materials is related to the concepts of local equilibration and heterogeneity in space. Assuming the…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is responsible for structure formation in scenarios ranging from condensed matter to cosmology. SSB is broadly understood in terms of perturbations to the Hamiltonian governing the dynamics or to the…

The general-covariant Z4 formalism is further analyzed. The gauge conditions are generalized with a view to Numerical Relativity applications and the conditions for obtaining strongly hyperbolic evolution systems are given both at the first…

The phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking is investigated in the dynamic thermalization of a degenerate quantum system. A three-level system interacting with a heat bath is carefully studied to this end. It is shown that the…