相关论文: On Statistical Significance of Signal

Probability distributions can be read as simple expressions of information. Each continuous probability distribution describes how information changes with magnitude. Once one learns to read a probability distribution as a measurement scale…

Reliability is probability of success in a success-failure experiment. Confidence in reliability estimate improves with increasing number of samples. Assurance sets confidence level same as reliability to create one number for easier…

Probability forecasts for binary events play a central role in many applications. Their quality is commonly assessed with proper scoring rules, which assign forecasts a numerical score such that a correct forecast achieves a minimal…

We introduce a new discrepancy score between two distributions that gives an indication on their similarity. While much research has been done to determine if two samples come from exactly the same distribution, much less research…

Time measurements are routinely preformed in laboratories, nevertheless their theoretical account presents some difficulties and for actual experiments an approximate, semiclassical expression is always used. Here, we will discuss their…

Positive predictive value and negative predictive value are two widely used parameters to assess the clinical usefulness of a medical diagnostic test. When there are two diagnostic tests, it is recommendable to make a comparative assessment…

Recently, it was shown that most popular IR measures are not interval-scaled, implying that decades of experimental IR research used potentially improper methods, which may have produced questionable results. However, it was unclear if and…

We apply Bayesian statistics to the estimation of correlation functions. We give the probability distributions of auto- and cross-correlations as functions of the data. Our procedure uses the measured data optimally and informs about the…

We develop a test of normality for spatially indexed functions. The assumption of normality is common in spatial statistics, yet no significance tests, or other means of assessment, have been available for functional data. This paper aims…

The partial correlation coefficient is a commonly used measure to assess the conditional dependence between two random variables. We provide a thorough explanation of the partial copula, which is a natural generalization of the partial…

The technique of degree of randomness is used to model the correlations in sequences containing various subsignals and noise. Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter enables to quantify the randomness in number sequences and hence appears as an…

Selective inference is a subfield of statistics that enables valid inference after selection of a data-dependent question. In this paper, we introduce selectively dominant p-values, a class of p-values that allow practitioners to easily…

The dynamic range is an important parameter which measures the spread of sound power, and for music signals it is a measure of recording quality. There are various descriptive measures of sound power, none of which has strong statistical…

There are phenomena that cannot be measured without subjective testing. However, subjective testing is a complex issue with many influencing factors. These interplay to yield either precise or incorrect results. Researchers require a tool…

Subjective probability is based on the intuitive idea that probability quantifies the degree of belief that an event will occur. A probability theory based on this idea represents the most general framework for handling uncertainty. A brief…

Spectral estimation (SE) aims to identify how the energy of a signal (e.g., a time series) is distributed across different frequencies. This can become particularly challenging when only partial and noisy observations of the signal are…

Probability interference is a fundamental characteristic of quantum mechanics. In this paper we attempt to show with the help of some examples, where this fundamental trait of quantum physics can be found back in a social science…

This paper introduces a new method for testing the statistical significance of estimated parameters in predictive regressions. The approach features a new family of test statistics that are robust to the degree of persistence of the…

We consider the "multi-frequency" periodogram, in which the putative signal is modelled as a sum of two or more sinusoidal harmonics with idependent frequencies. It is useful in the cases when the data may contain several periodic…

The spectrum and coherency are useful quantities for characterizing the temporal correlations and functional relations within and between point processes. This paper begins with a review of these quantities, their interpretation and how…