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Single-spin asymmetries were long thought to vanish in high-energy scattering processes because of their specific time-reversal behavior. Time-reversal-odd phenomena, however, appear naturally when one includes effects of intrinsic…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2009-02-19 P. J. Mulders

The transverse momentum dependent (TMD) and collinear higher twist theoretical factorization frameworks are the most frequently used approaches to describing spin dependent hard cross sections weighted by and integrated over transverse…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-08-03 Jian-Wei Qiu , Ted C. Rogers , Bowen Wang

We analyse the rho meson unpolarized and polarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) in the instanton liquid model (ILM). The corresponding TMDs in ILM are approximated by a constituent quark beam…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-10-31 Wei-Yang Liu , Ismail Zahed

We study transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon distributions and factorization theorems for the gluon-initiated semi-inclusive processes at hadron colliders. Gauge-invariant TMD gluon distributions are defined, and their relations to…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Xiangdong Ji , Jian-Ping Ma , Feng Yuan

We consider for the first time the QED corrections to the evolution of (un)polarized quark and gluon transverse-momentum-dependent distribution and fragmentation functions (TMDs in general). By extending their operator definition to…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2018-11-21 Alessandro Bacchetta , Miguel G. Echevarria

We obtain the leading-twist valence quark transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs) for the proton within the basis light-front quantization (BLFQ) framework. Our results are consistent with lattice QCD…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2022-08-22 Zhi Hu , Siqi Xu , Chandan Mondal , Xingbo Zhao , James P. Vary

We discuss the physical nature of quasi-PDFs, especially the reasons for the strong nonperturbative evolution pattern which they reveal in actual lattice gauge calculations. We argue that quasi-PDFs may be treated as hybrids of PDFs and the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-11-17 Anatoly Radyushkin

Azimuthal asymmetries in high-energy processes, most pronounced showing up in combination with single or double (transverse) spin asymmetries, can be understood with the help of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution and…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-06-11 M. G. A. Buffing , P. J. Mulders

We study Euclidean formulations of the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) soft function, which is a cross section for soft gluon radiations involving color charges moving in two conjugate lightcone directions in quantum chromodynamics. We…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-06-24 Xiangdong Ji , Yizhuang Liu , Yu-Sheng Liu

The precise knowledge of parton distribution functions (PDFs) is indispensable to the accurate calculation of hadron-initiated QCD hard scattering observables. Much of our information on PDFs is extracted by comparing deep inelastic…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2013-10-03 David Westmark

Transverse parton momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) of the nucleon are studied in a covariant model, which describes the intrinsic motion of partons in terms of a covariant momentum distribution. The consistency of the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2009-09-02 A. V. Efremov , P. Schweitzer , O. V. Teryaev , P. Zavada

We investigate the relations between transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) and generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in a light-front quark-diquark model motivated by soft wall AdS/QCD. Many relations are found to have…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-11-10 Bheemsehan Gurjar , Dipankar Chakrabarti , Poonam Choudhary , Asmita Mukherjee , Pulak Talukdar

We calculate the unpolarized transverse momentum dependent fragmentation function (TMDFF) at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO), evaluating separately TMD soft factor and TMD collinear correlator. For the first time the cancellation of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-10-26 Miguel G. Echevarria , Ignazio Scimemi , Alexey Vladimirov

I report on our investigations into the impact of (un)polarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs or TMDs) for gluons at hadron colliders, especially at A Fixed Target Experiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC).…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-05-25 Andrea Signori

Three-body decay functions in space-like parton branches are implemented to evaluate transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions in the next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) order of quantum chromodynamics (QCD).…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-04-08 Hidekazu Tanaka

Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton correlators describing the partonic structure of hadrons contain gauge links, required by color gauge invariance. The required gauge links enter in the matrix elements that contain the parton…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2013-10-02 M. G. A. Buffing , A. Mukherjee , P. J. Mulders

We give an overview of the current status of perturbative QCD factorization theorems in processes that involve transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FF). We enumerate those…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-07-21 S. M. Aybat , T. C. Rogers

Phenomenological studies of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions rely on the expansion in small values of the transverse separation of fields, where TMD parton distributions match onto collinear parton distribution…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2023-09-07 Simone Rodini , Alessio Carmelo Alvaro , Barbara Pasquini

I discuss the factorization-compatible definitions of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) pion wave functions which are fundamental theory inputs entering QCD factorization formulae for many hard exclusive processes. I will first…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2016-04-20 Yu-Ming Wang

We show transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions by taking the decomposition of a quark correlation function in the Lorentz-invariant way with the conditions of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-08-04 S. Kumano , Qin-Tao Song