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Understanding how energy is released in flares is one of the central problems of solar and stellar astrophysics. Observations of high temperature flare plasma hold many potential clues as to the nature of this energy release. It is clear,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-05-27 Jeffrey W. Reep , Harry P. Warren , Christopher S. Moore , Crisel Suarez , Laura A. Hayes

We perform direct numerical simulations of an externally driven two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic system over extended periods of time to simulate the dynamics of a transverse section of a solar coronal loop. A stationary and large-scale…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-30 Pablo Dmitruk , Daniel O. Gomez

The irradiation of an atomic cluster with a femtosecond x-ray free-electron laser pulse results in a nanoplasma formation. This typically occurs within a few hundreds femtoseconds. By this time the x-ray pulse is over, and the direct…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2016-02-17 Vikrant Saxena , Beata Ziaja

We present a detailed analysis of a 3D MHD simulation of a subset of the magnetic flux in an active region. The simulation models the generation of nanoflares and response of the plasma to imposed photospheric motions. Our study focuses on…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-26 Shanwlee Sow Mondal , Lars K. S. Daldorff , James A. Klimchuk , Craig D. Johnston

This work is prompted by the evidence of sharply peaked emission measure distributions in active stars, and by the claims of isothermal loops in solar coronal observations, at variance with the predictions of hydrostatic loop models with…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Paola Testa , Giovanni Peres , Fabio Reale

Solar flares form and release energy across a large number of magnetic loops. The global parameters of flares, such as the total energy released, duration, physical size, etc., are routinely measured, and the hydrodynamics of a coronal loop…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-18 Jeffrey W. Reep , Vanessa Polito , Harry P. Warren , Nicholas A. Crump

Nanoflares, short and intense heat pulses within spatially unresolved magnetic strands, are now considered a leading candidate to solve the coronal heating problem. However, the frequent occurrence of nanoflares requires that flare-hot…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Fabio Reale , Paola Testa , James A. Klimchuk , Susanna Parenti

It is generally agreed that small impulsive energy bursts called nanoflares are responsible for at least some of the Sun's hot corona, but whether they are the explanation for most of the multi-million degree plasma has been a matter of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Sergio Terzo , Fabio Reale , Marco Miceli , James A. Klimchuk , Ryouhei Kano , Saku Tsuneta

It has been proposed that the million degree temperature of the corona is due to the combined effect of barely-detectable energy releases, so called nanoflares, that occur throughout the solar atmosphere. Alas, the nanoflare density and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 M. R. Bareford , P. K. Browning , R. A. M. Van der Linden

Observational and theoretical evidence suggests that coronal heating is impulsive and occurs on very small cross-field spatial scales. A single coronal loop could contain a hundred or more individual strands that are heated…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 J. A. Klimchuk , S. Patsourakos , P. J. Cargill

It is extremely difficult to simulate the details of coronal heating and also make meaningful predictions of the emitted radiation. Thus, testing realistic models with observations is a major challenge. Observational signatures of coronal…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-11-02 James A. Klimchuk , Kalman J. Knizhnik , Vadim M. Uritsky

Quasi-constant heating at the footpoints of loops leads to evaporation and condensation cycles of the plasma: thermal non-equilibrium (TNE). This phenomenon is believed to play a role in the formation of prominences and coronal rain.…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-27 Clara Froment , Frédéric Auchère , Karine Bocchialini , Eric Buchlin , Chloé Guennou , Jacques Solomon

The bulk of solar coronal radiative loss consists of soft X-ray emission from quasi-static loops at the cores of Active Regions. In order to develop diagnostics for determining the heating mechanism of these loops from observations by…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2014-11-18 P. C. H. Martens

Without any doubt solar flaring loops possess a multi-thread internal structure that is poorly resolved and there are no means to observe heating episodes and thermodynamic evolution of the individual threads. These limitations cause…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-11-04 R. Falewicz , P. Rudawy , K. Murawski , A. K. Srivastava

Context: It is thought likely that vast numbers of nanoflares are responsible for the corona having a temperature of millions of degrees. Current observational technologies lack the resolving power to confirm the nanoflare hypothesis. An…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Michael R. Bareford , Philippa. K. Browning , Ronald A. M. Van der Linden

Using data from the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer aboard Hinode, we have studied the coronal plasma in the core of two active regions. Concentrating on the area between opposite polarity moss, we found emission measure…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Durgesh Tripathi , James A. Klimchuk , Helen E. Mason

A 1-D loop radiative hydrodynamic model that incorporates the effects of gravitational stratification, heat conduction, radiative losses, external heat input, presence of helium, and Braginskii viscosity is used to simulate elementary flare…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 D. Tsiklauri , M. J. Aschwanden , V. M. Nakariakov , T. D. Arber

How the solar corona is heated to high temperatures remains an unsolved mystery in solar physics. In the present study we analyse observations of 50 whole active-region loops taken with the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-06-28 Haixia Xie , Maria S. Madjarska , Bo Li , Zhenghua Huang , Lidong Xia , Thomas Wiegelmann , Hui Fu , Chaozhou Mou

We present the results of 1D hydrodynamic simulations of coronal loops which are subject to nanoflares, caused by either in-situ thermal heating, or non-thermal electrons (NTE) beams. The synthesized intensity and Doppler shifts can be…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-18 V. Polito , P. Testa , J. Allred , B. De Pontieu , M. Carlsson , T. M. D. Pereira , M. Gošić , F. Reale

To understand the mechanism of coronal heating, it is crucial to derive the contribution of small-scale flares, the so-called nanoflares, to the heating up of the solar corona. To date, several studies have tried to derive the occurrence…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-06 Toshiki Kawai , Shinsuke Imada