相关论文: Heating mechanism affects equipartition in a binar…
Nonequilibrium steady state of isothermal biochemical cycle kinetics has been extensively studied, but much less investigated under non-isothermal conditions. However, once the heat exchange between subsystems is rather slow, the isothermal…
A simple phenomenological model of a binary granular mixture is developed and investigated numerically. We attempt to model the experimental system of [1,2] where a horizontally vibrated binary monolayer was found to exhibit a transition…
Under natural conditions, excitation of biological molecules, which display non-unitary open system dynamics, occurs via incoherent processes such as temperature changes or irradiation by sunlight/moonlight. The dynamics of such processes…
Granular matter under rapid flow conditions can be modeled as a granular gas, namely, a gas of hard spheres dissipating part of their kinetic energy during binary collisions (inelastic hard spheres, IHS). On the other hand, given that…
We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…
Levitated nanoparticles are a promising platform for sensing applications and for macroscopic quantum experiments. While the nanoparticles' motional temperatures can be reduced to near absolute zero, their uncontrolled internal degrees of…
We study heat conduction in one-dimensional granular gases. In particular, we consider two mechanisms of viscous dissipation during inter-grain collisions. In one, the dissipative force is proportional to the grain's velocity and dissipates…
We explore on the one hand, whether the well-known theorem of equipartition of energy also applies to physical systems in which gravity plays a non-negligible role, as is the case of cosmological horizons and, on the other hand, if the…
The time sequences of the molecular dynamics simulation for the folding process of a protein is analyzed with the inherent structure landscape which focuses on configurational dynamics of the system. Time dependent energy and entropy for…
The incredible thermo-mechanical properties of biological materials arise from the microscopic scale due to a complex hierarchical mechanism, regulated by microinstabilities at the molecular level. The description of such complex structures…
Heating and cooling load calculation based on dynamic models is widely used in simulation software and it is the method recommended by ASHRAE and CEN. The principle is to make the heat balance for the air volume of a room space considered…
Heat generated as a result of the breakdown of an adiabatic process is one of the central concepts of thermodynamics. In isolated systems, the heat can be defined as an energy increase due to transitions between distinct energy levels.…
We consider a diffusion process on an evolving surface with a piecewise Lipschitz-continuous boundary from an energetic point of view. We employ an energetic variational approach with both surface divergence and transport theorems to derive…
We present a model to study the statistics of a single structureless quantum particle freely moving in a space at a finite temperature. It is shown that the quantum particle feels the temperature and can exchange energy with its environment…
Models of grain boundary energy are essential for predicting the behavior of polycrystalline materials. Typical models represent the minimum boundary energy as a function of macroscopic boundary parameters. An energy model may allow for…
Temperature uncertainty of a quantum system in canonical ensemble is inversely determined by its energy fluctuation, which is known as the temperature-energy uncertainty relation. No such uncertainty relation was discovered for a…
The model quantum system of fermions in a one dimensional harmonic oscillator potential is investigated by a molecular dynamics method at constant temperature. Although in quantum mechanics the equipartition theorem cannot be used like in…
Heat engines and information engines have each historically served as motivating examples for the development of thermodynamics. While these two types of systems are typically thought of as two separate kinds of machines, recent empirical…
Thermal energy agitates all matter and its competition with ordering tendencies is one of the most fundamental organizing principles in the physical world. Thus, it is natural to enquire if an effective temperature could result when…
Granular materials, such as sand or grain, exhibit many structural and dynamic characteristics similar to those observed in molecular systems, despite temperature playing no role in their properties. This has led to an effort to develop a…