相关论文: Hasard et d\'eterminisme chez Laplace

Employing a generalized definition of Pratt (1964) and Arrow's (1965, 1971) probability premium, we introduce a new concept of attitude towards probability. We illustrate in a problem of risk sharing that whether attitude towards…

Physicists are increasingly beginning to take seriously the possibility of laws outside the traditional time-evolution paradigm; yet our understanding of determinism is still predicated on a forwards time-evolution picture, making it…

Ledrappier and Walters's article "A Relativised Variational Principle for Continuous Transformations", J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 16 (1977), no.3, 568-576) is a landmark in the development of Thermodynamic Formalism. This survey, aimed at…

We show new upper bounds for permanents and hafnians, which are particularly useful for complex matrices. Multidimensional permanents and hyperhafnians are considered as well. The permanental bounds improve on a Hadamard type inequality of…

In a first part we propose an introduction to multisymplectic formalisms, which are generalisations of Hamilton's formulation of Mechanics to the calculus of variations with several variables: we give some physical motivations, related to…

We introduce a new kind of symbol in the framework of It\^o processes which are bounded on one side. The connection between this symbol and the infinitesimal generator is analyzed. Based on this concept, an integral criterion for invariant…

We collect here various conjectures on congruences made by the author in a series of papers, some of which involve binary quadratic forms and other advanced theories. Part A consists of 100 unsolved conjectures of the author while…

This paper is a top down historical perspective on the several phases in the development of probability from its prehistoric origins to its modern day evolution, as one of the key methodologies in artificial intelligence, data science, and…

We will show that Carl Stumpf's interpretation of the concept of probability is best understood as that of an objective Bayesian. First we analyse Stumpf's work in relation to that of his contemporary Johannes von Kries, and after that we…

The absolute moments of probability distributions are much more complicated than conventional ones. By using a direct and simpler approach, we retreat P. L. Hsu's (1951, J. Chinese Math. Soc., Vol. 1, pp. 257-280) formulas in terms of the…

We review some approaches and philosophies of causal inference coming from sociology, economics, computer science, cognitive science, and statistics

Starting from the guiding principles of spacetime locality and operationalism, a general framework for a probabilistic description of nature is proposed. Crucially, no notion of time or metric is assumed, neither any specific physical…

We investigate temporal and causal threads in the fabric of contemporary physical theories with an emphasis on empirical and operationalistic aspects. Building on the axiomatization of general relativity proposed by J. Ehlers, F. Pirani and…

A discussion of the method of multiscale analysis in the study of localization of random operators based on lectures given at \emph{Random Schr\"odinger operators: methods, results, and perspectives}, \'Etats de la recherche, Universit\'e…

This is the preface for the book by E. N. Dzhafarov, J. V. Kujala, and V. H. Cervantes, titled Contextuality in Random Variables: A Systematic Introduction. It is to be published by Cambridge University Press in 2026.

The one-sided P-value has a long history stretching at least as far back as Laplace (1812) but has in recent times been mostly supplanted by the two-sided P-value. We present justification for a bijective relationship between the one-sided…

The consideration of nonstandard models of the real numbers and the definition of a qualitative ordering on those models provides a generalization of the principle of maximization of expected utility. It enables the decider to assign…

Stochastic diffusion equation, which attained prominence with Einstein's work on Brownian motion at the beginning of the twentieth century, was first formulated by Laplace a century earlier as part of his work on Central Limit Theorem.…

I consider the "Quantum Bayesian" view of quantum theory as expounded in a 2006 paper of Caves, Fuchs, and Schack. I argue that one can accept a generally personalist, decision-theoretic view of probability, including probability as…

In this chapter, we review a principled way of defining and measuring contextuality in systems with deterministic inputs and random outputs, recently proposed and developed in \citep{KujalaDzhafarovLarsson2015,DKL2015FooP}.