相关论文: Fermion Number Fractionization
A self-organization is an universal phenomenon in nature and, in particular, is highly important in materials systems and biology. We proposed a new theory that allowed us to model the most challenging cases of atomic self-assembling whose…
In this paper, by using two dimensional (2D) Hubbard models with pi-flux phase and that on a hexagonal lattice as examples, we explore spin-charge-separated solitons in nodal antiferromagnetic (AF) insulator - an AF order with massive Dirac…
Solitons are special shape-conserving hydrodynamical solutions that appear in many areas of physics. Here, we explore the existence of such solutions in microscopic descriptions of the heavy ion reaction $^{12}$C + $^{28}$Si $\rightarrow$…
The time evolution of a finite fermion system towards statistical equilibrium is investigated using analytical solutions of a nonlinear partial differential equation that had been derived earlier from the Boltzmann collision term. The…
In quantum field theory, we learn that fermions come in three varieties: Majorana, Weyl, and Dirac. Here we show that in solid state systems this classification is incomplete and find several additional types of crystal symmetry-protected…
We announce a detailed numerical investigation for some class of difference schemes, which arises from Euler implicit scheme. Such schemes demonstrate unusual behavior and leads to origin of solitons. Applications to some nonlinear problems…
Generalized Aratyn-Ferreira-Zimerman O(3) nonlinear sigma model with a particular symmetry breaking term, so-called dielectric function, is discussed. Static multi-soliton configurations with finite energy and nontrivial Hopf index are…
The Dirac equation is solved in the Einstein-Yang-Mills background found by Bartnik and McKinnon. We find a normalizable zero-energy fermion mode in the $s$-wave sector. As shown recently, their solution corresponds to a gravitational…
Systems containing few Fermions (e.g., electrons) are of great current interest. Fluorescence occurs when electrons drop from one level to another without changing spin. Only electron gases in a state of equilibrium are considered. When the…
In this paper we consider an ultra-cold mixture of boson and fermion atoms on the basis of quantum hydrodynamics. Small perturbations in such systems are being analyzed. A possibility is shown for soliton solutions of a new type to appear…
We investigate the time-periodic solutions to the nonlinear wave and beam equations and uncover their intricate, fractal-like structure. In particular, we identify a new class of large-energy solutions with complex mode compositions and…
Nonlinear integrable equations serve as a foundation for nonlinear dynamics, and fractional equations are well known in anomalous diffusion. We connect these two fields by presenting the discovery of a new class of integrable fractional…
It has been observed that certain classical chains admit topologically protected zero-energy modes that are localized on the boundaries. The static features of such localized modes are captured by linearized equations of motion, but the…
We study the scattering of fermions off 't Hooft lines in the Standard Model. A long-standing paradox suggests that the outgoing fermions necessarily carry fractional quantum numbers. In a previous paper, we resolved this paradox in the…
I give a non-technical account of fractional statistics in one dimension. In systems with periodic boundary conditions, the crossing of anyons is always uni-directional, and the fractional phase $\theta$ acquired by the anyons gives rise to…
A nonlinear diffusion equation is proposed to account for thermalization in fermionic and bosonic systems through analytical solutions. For constant transport coefficients, exact time-dependent solutions are derived through nonlinear…
We consider fractional differential equations of order $\alpha \in (0,1)$ for functions of one independent variable $t\in (0,\infty)$ with the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo-Dzhrbashyan fractional derivatives. A precise estimate for the order…
Solitons, which describe the propagation of concentrated beams of light through nonlinear media, can exhibit a variety of behaviors as a result of the intrinsic dissipation, diffraction, and the nonlinear effects. One of these phenomena,…
Two-dimensional systems can host exotic particles called anyons whose quantum statistics are neither bosonic nor fermionic. For example, the elementary excitations of the fractional quantum Hall effect at filling factor $\nu=1/m$ (where m…
Fermion-number fractionalization without breaking of time-reversal symmetry was recently demonstrated for a field theory in $(2+1)$-dimensional space and time that describes the couplings between massive Dirac fermions, a complex-valued…