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A prefix normal word is a binary word with the property that no substring has more $1$s than the prefix of the same length. By proving that the set of prefix normal words is a bubble language, we can exhaustively list all prefix normal…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Péter Burcsi , Gabriele Fici , Zsuzsanna Lipták , Rajeev Raman , Joe Sawada

We count permutations avoiding a nonconsecutive instance of a two- or three-letter pattern, that is, the pattern may occur but only as consecutive entries in the permutation. Two-letter patterns give rise to the Fibonacci numbers. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 David Callan

In this paper, we construct a listing for the vertices of the augmentation graph of given size, and as a consequence, we obtain a Hamiltonian cycle for the square of the augmentation graph of given size. As applications, we have a Gray code…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-13 Masaya Tomie

A permutation $\pi$ contains a pattern $\sigma$ if and only if there is a subsequence in $\pi$ with its letters are in the same relative order as those in $\sigma$. Partially ordered patterns (POPs) provide a convenient way to denote…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-01-29 Kai Ting Keshia Yap , David Wehlau , Imed Zaguia

Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson have introduced generalised permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. We consider pattern avoidance for such patterns, and…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Anders Claesson

We study skew-tolerant Gray codes, which are Gray codes in which changes in consecutive codewords occur in adjacent positions. We present the first construction of asymptotically non-vanishing skew-tolerant Gray codes, offering an…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Gabriel Sac Himelfarb , Moshe Schwartz

LDPC codes constructed from permutation matrices have recently attracted the interest of many researchers. A crucial point when dealing with such codes is trying to avoid cycles of short length in the associated Tanner graph, i.e. obtaining…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-01-27 Julia Lieb , Simran Tinani

Babson and Steingr\`imsson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. Subsequently, Claesson presented a complete solution for the…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-03-26 Anders Claesson , Toufik Mansour

This paper presents a collection of experimental results regarding permutation pattern avoidance, focusing on cases where there are "many" patterns to be avoided.

New families of unit memory as well as multi-memory convolutional codes are constructed algebraically in this paper. These convolutional codes are derived from the class of group character codes. The proposed codes have basic generator…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2013-08-13 Giuliano G. La Guardia

We introduce a new method for encoding permutations as weighted independent sets in a family of graphs we call cores. The encoding allows us to enumerate (1324, 2143)-, (1234, 1324, 2143)-, (1234, 1324, 1432, 3214)-avoiding permutations…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-12-13 Christian Bean , Murray Tannock , Henning Ulfarsson

We summarize some combinatoric problems solved by the higher Catalan numbers. These problems are generalizations of the combinatoric problems solved by the Catalan numbers. The generating function of the higher Catalan numbers appeared…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 V. U. Pierce

In this paper, we revisit the application of generating trees to the pattern avoidance problem for permutations. In particular, we study this problem for certain general sets of patterns and propose a new procedure leveraging the FinLabel…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-10-18 Toufik Mansour , Reza Rastegar , Mark Shattuck

The additive codes may have better parameters than linear codes. However, it is still a challenging problem to efficiently construct additive codes that outperform linear codes, especially those with greater distances than linear codes of…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Chaofeng Guan , Ruihu Li , Yiting Liu , Zhi Ma

This paper considers the enumeration of ternary trees (i.e. rooted ordered trees in which each vertex has 0 or 3 children) avoiding a contiguous ternary tree pattern. We begin by finding recurrence relations for several simple tree…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-12-30 Nathan Gabriel , Katherine Peske , Lara Pudwell , Samuel Tay

An $n$-bit Gray code is a sequence of all $n$-bit strings such that consecutive strings differ in a single bit. It is well-known that given $\alpha,\beta\in\{0,1\}^n$, an $n$-bit Gray code between $\alpha$ and $\beta$ exists iff the Hamming…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-03-07 Tomáš Dvořák , Petr Gregor , Václav Koubek

The first problem addressed by this article is the enumeration of some families of pattern-avoiding inversion sequences. We solve some enumerative conjectures left open by the foundational work on the topics by Corteel et al., some of these…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-12-15 Nicholas R. Beaton , Mathilde Bouvel , Veronica Guerrini , Simone Rinaldi

We consider two shellings of the boundary of the hypercube equivalent if one can be transformed into the other by an isometry of the cube. We observe that a class of indecomposable permutations, bijectively equivalent to standard double…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-06-10 Sarah Birdsong , Gábor Hetyei

We first present a simple recursive algorithm that generates cyclic rotation Gray codes for stamp foldings and semi-meanders, where consecutive strings differ by a stamp rotation. These are the first known Gray codes for stamp foldings and…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Bowie Liu , Dennis Wong , Chan-Tong Lam , Marcus Im

A Cayley permutation is a word of positive integers such that if a letter appears in this word, then all positive integers smaller than that letter also appear. We initiate a systematic study of pattern avoidance on Cayley permutations…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-30 Anders Claesson , Giulio Cerbai , Dana C. Ernst , Hannah Golab