神经元与认知
Quantification of neuronal correlations in neuron populations helps us to understand neural coding rules. Such quantification could also reveal how neurons encode information in normal and disease conditions like Alzheimer's and…
Normal-hearing listeners adapt to alterations in sound localization cues. This adaptation can result from the establishment of a new spatial map of the altered cues or from a stronger relative weighting of unaltered compared to altered…
Background: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) reveals metabolic abnormalities in Parkinson's disease (PD) at a systemic level. Previous metabolic connectome studies derived from groups of patients have…
Identifying the physiological processes in the central nervous system that underlie our conscious experiences has been at the forefront of cognitive neuroscience. While the principles of classical physics were long found to be…
Nervous systems, like any organismal structure, have been shaped by evolutionary processes to increase fitness. The resulting neural 'bauplan' has to account for multiple objectives simultaneously, including computational function as well…
C. elegans shows chemotaxis using klinokinesis where the worm senses the concentration based on a single concentration sensor to compute the concentration gradient to perform foraging through gradient ascent/descent towards the target…
Transgender individuals (TIs) show brain structural alterations that differ from their biological sex as well as their perceived gender. To substantiate evidence that the brain structure of TIs differs from male and female, we use a…
In trichromats, color vision entails the projection of an infinite-dimensional space (the one containing all possible electromagnetic power spectra) onto the 3-dimensional space that modulates the activity of the three types of cones. This…
Measurements of electric potentials from neural activity have played a key role in neuroscience for almost a century, and simulations of neural activity is an important tool for understanding such measurements. Volume conductor (VC) theory…
Excitation-inhibition (E-I) balance is ubiquitously observed in the cortex. Recent studies suggest an intriguing link between balance on fast timescales, tight balance, and efficient information coding with spikes. We further this…
In this paper we consider the influence of intercellular communication on the development and progression of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), a grade IV malignant glioma which is defined by an interplay Grow i.e. self renewal and Go i.e.…
Network neuroscience shed some light on the functional and structural modifications occurring to the brain associated with the phenomenology of schizophrenia. In particular, resting-state functional networks have helped our understanding of…
Neuroscientists often describe neural activity as a representation of something, or claim to have found evidence for a neural representation. But what do these statements mean? The reasons to call some neural activity a representation and…
Dense Associative Memories or modern Hopfield networks permit storage and reliable retrieval of an exponentially large (in the dimension of feature space) number of memories. At the same time, their naive implementation is non-biological,…
The search for a scientific theory of consciousness should result in theories that are falsifiable. However, here we show that falsification is especially problematic for theories of consciousness. We formally describe the standard…
Attention Schema Theory (AST) is a recent proposal to provide a scientific explanation for the basis of subjective awareness. In AST, the brain constructs a representation of attention taking place in its own (and others') mind (`the…
Synchronization in neural system plays an important role in many brain functions. Synchronization in the gamma frequency band (30Hz-100Hz) is involved in a variety of cognitive phenomena; abnormalities of the gamma synchronization are found…
Conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS) of basal ganglia uses high-frequency regular electrical pulses to treat Parkinsonian motor symptoms and has a series of limitations. Relatively new and not yet clinically tested optogenetic…
Intermittent synchronization is observed in a variety of different experimental settings in physics and beyond and is an established research topic in nonlinear dynamics. When coupled oscillators exhibit relatively weak, intermittent…
This paper describes a mathematical formulation for measuring how one system can estimate the consciousness of another. This consciousness estimate is always relative to the observer. The paper shows how this formulation leads to simple…